Effect Of Hyperbaric Oxygen On Proliferation And Differentiation Of Osteoblasts From Human Alveolar Bone

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on the proliferation and differentiation of human osteoblasts isolated from alveolar bone under various pressure and exposure time.Materials and Methods: For proliferation study, osteoblasts from human alveolar bone were seeded in 24 well plates at a cell density of 2500cells/well. There are four treatment groups which were 2.4ATA for 90minutes, 2.4ATA for 30minutes, 1.5ATA for 90minutes and 1.5ATA for 30minutes. Osteoblast culture were treated one time everyday for up to 10 days in a temperature and humidity controlled custom-made seven-litre hyperbaric unit. Control samples were incubated in a standard humidified incubator at 37°C containing 5% CO2 and 95% atmospheric air. Proliferation of osteoblasts were evaluated by WST-1 assay before and 16 hours after HBO on day 1,2,3,4,6,8,10. The cytotoxic effect of HBO on osteoblasts was assessed by a toxicology assay kit. For differentiation study, osteoblasts were seeded in 96 well plates at a cell density of 10000 cells per well .After 3 days normal culture, medium was changed to osteogenic medium. Subsequently, cultures were exposed daily to HBO of 2.4ATA for 90minutes and 1.5ATA for 90minutes up to 13 days. Mineralization was evaluated by calcium deposition assay, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and von Kossa staining. Results: HBO treatment promotes proliferation of osteoblast in the presence of 10% foetal calf serum (FCS). No significant change in extracellular LDH activity before and after HBO treatment. The study of differentiation demonstrated that HBO enhanced differentiation associated with increased bone nodule formation, calcium deposition and alkaline phosphatase activity.Conclusions: NO cytotoxic effect was detected in HBO treatment. HBO improved osteoblast proliferation in 10% foetal calf serum(FCS) culture condition. HBO treatment significantly stimulated osteogentic differentiation, which implies a potential application of HBO in bone tissue engineering.