The Investigation Of Eating Disorder And Related Factors In Female Students Of Junior High Schools, Senior High Schools And Universities

Objective: To explore the prevalence, related factors of eating disorderand to provide evidence for the further therapy and investigation.Methods: 1486 female students sampled by optimum distributingdelanminating grouping method, representing the female students in highschools and universities in the 5 urban areas in Chengdu, were asked to finishthe Eating Disorder Inventory-1 (EDI-1),Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ), BMI-based Silhouette Matching Test (IBM-SMT), Self-ratingDepression Scale (SDS), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the general factscale in the class time by the trained psychiatrists. The data were analyzed bythe software SPSS11.5 with the method of the t test, crosstabs, bivariatecorrelations, logistic regression.Results:1. 1486 questionnaires were delivered out to the students and all were takenback, taking out the 108 invalid ones, 1378 questionnaires (92.73%) werevalid.2. According to the EDI handbook, the people whose score of driving for thinness equal to or higher than 14, were taken for "attention to weight"people, among which three quarters people who had or ever suffered fromeating disorder, while one quarter people were normal dieters. In ourinvestigation 61 students (4.43%) reached the criterion of "attention toweight", who were regarded as the eating disorder tendency groups, whilethe remainders were regarded as the none eating disorder tendency groups.According to the EDI handbook, the estimated total prevalence=(61×3/4)/1378=3.32%, so the estimated total prevalence of female students eatingdisorder diagnosed by EDI was 3.32%. The age easy to gain EDI was 14years old (7.07%) and 17 years old (9.55%), and 17 years old was theeasiest age to gain EDI. Among the junior high schools (5.597%), thesenior high schools (6.953%) and the universities (1.932%), the seniorhigh school showed the highest prevalence.3. There was difference between the eating disorder tendency groups andnone eating disorder tendency groups in thereal bodyshape(25.59±3.73,23.81±3.73,t=3.64,P=0.000), cognigationwarp(5.55±2.74, 4.60±2.77; t=2.617,P=0.009) and expectationwarp(5.15±2.61,2.93±3.66; t=6.359,P=0.000) of BMI, while there was nodifference between the eating disorder tendency groups and none eatingdisorder tendency groups in the ideal body image (20.44±2.73,20.44±2.63, t=-1.277,P=0.202).4. There was difference between the eating disorder tendency groups andnone eating disorder tendency groups in the personality: the score of Escale(13.92±3.844,12.57±4.149; t=2.487,P=0.013), N scale(14.15±2.516,11.93±3.188; t=5.361,P=0.000) and P scale(6.61±3.441, 5.22±2.953; t=3.561,P=0.000)of EPQ in the eating disorder tendencygroups were higher than that in none eating disorder tendency groups,while the L scale(8.21±3.574,10.64±3.442; t=-5.385,P=0.000) showedthe opposited result, and the difference showed the statistic significance.5. There was difference between the eating disorder tendency groups andnone eating disorder tendency groups in the depression and anxiety of theresult of the t-test: the total BAI(31.82±9.991, 29.31±7.205,t=2.603,P=0.009) score and the anaesthesia and pain, be afaid of badthings, can not pay attention to one thing, tension, asphyxia, panic,dyspepsia score of BAI scale in the eating disorder tendency groups werehigher than those in none eating disorder tendency groups; the totalSDS(33.92±7.921, 29.09±7.666, t=4.797,P=0.000) score and thedepression, want to cry, eat less than usualness,weight decrease,worryabout astriction, feel fatigued without any reason,be confronted withdifficulty in doing the things that can easily be done usual, can not calmdown because of nervous,be more angry than usualness, feel difficult indeciding something, feel oneself a useless person,life has no meaning,if Idie, others will have a better life, have no interest in the things that haveinterest oneself once score of SDS scale in the eating disorder tendencygroups were higher than those in none eating disorder tendency groups.6. With logistic regression analysis the related factors included: attention tothe media, the relationships between parents in childhood, disservice inchildhood, body dissatisfaction, interoceptive awareness, E scale of EPQ,L scale of EPQ, the total score of BAI.Conclusion: 1. The estimated total prevalence of female students' eating disorderdiagnosed by EDI in in high schools and universities in the 5 urban areasin Chengdu was 3.32%. Of all the ages the estimated prevalence of the 17years old was the highest (9.55%). Of all the schools the estimatedprevalence of the senior high school was the highest (6.953%).2. Both the person who was likely to gain eating disorder and the noneeating disorder person wanted to have the ideal body shape, but theperson who was likely to gain eating disorder had cognigation warp andexpectation warp, which could be the forecast factors.3. The personality trait of the person who was likely to gain eating disorderwas: loneliness, disinterested in others, maladjustment, unkindness,hostility, rage, character extroversion and simplicity.4. There were more depression and anxiety symptoms in the person whowere likely to gain eating disorder.5. The related fators included: attention to the media, the relationshipsbetween parents in childhood was bad, disservice in childhood, bodydissatisfaction, interoceptive awareness, character extroversion,simplicity and anxiety.