| Background of the research:Schistosomiasis is a serious infectious disease that is hazard to the human health and socio-economic development.Since the late 1990s,the epidemic situation of schistosomiasis japonica is rising in our country.Oncomelania hupensis(snail)is the only intermediate host of Japanese schistosome.Obviously,controling the snail is a key technology to control the schistosomiasis.Niclosamide is the only recommended chemical molluscicides by WHO.Because of its ills which is toxicity to fish,higher prices and so on,developing a new plant molluscicide(efficient,durable,safe, inexpensive)has being the hot spots of domestic and international study.There is no plant molluscicides which can reach WHO's standards,due to the lack of synchronization of environmental security and economic study in the molecular level.Contents and significance of the research:Effective alkaloids monoer was extracted and isolated from the fruit of resouce-rich Solarium xanthocarpum.We offer the basis of design and mataerial for the creation of new molluscicides which reach the WHO standards by the research of its structure analysis and bio-activity.Methods and results of the research:The biological choosing activity of SX powder:According to the WHO experimental standards,the climing inhibiting rate of snail was 87.3%with 90mg.L-1150μtm SX powder in 1 hour;The snail deminal rate of different size(38,23,18 and 13μm)SX powder was the＞76.7 by immersion 72 hour;The deminal rate of Brachydanio rerio was 10%with 30mg.L-1150μm SX powder in 96 hour.The results show that:SX is a molluscicidal plant which is high toxicity to snail but low to fish.The extraction isolation and structure analysis of the SX alkaloid:SX-1 and SX-2 monomer were isolated and purificated from SX powder by 95%EtOH and CH3COOCH2CH3 extraction,TLC,CCL;Its purity were 98.71%and 97.89% respectively by the detection of microscopr,TLC and HPLC;Through the detection analysis of EA,MS,IR,UV-VIS and NMR,SX-1 molecular weight 867;SX-2 molecular weight is 867.The molluscicidal activity of and inhibiting GOT of the SX alkaloids:In according with the WHO test methods,the molluscicidal rate were all 100%with 20 mg·L-1SX-1 and 3 mg·L-1SX-2 respectively in 72 hour,and the molluscicidal activity of SX-2 was more high than SX-1;The GOT was in preparation from the snails,its optimum conditions was 0.2 mg·L-1GOT,2.5 umol·L-1reaction matarail,the reaction time 15rain,temperature 40℃and the reaction system pH6.0 by the L25(56)determination; The GOT inhibiting activity of 10 mg·L-1and 0.625 mg·L-1SX-2 were 23.3%and -15.4%respectively.The anti-bacterial and anti-tumor activity of the SX alkaloids:By the use of flat-panel antibacterial law,the inhibiting rate of 50 mg·L-1SX-2(21.05,23.38,28.26, 29.63,32.08 and 13.64%)was more high than the SX-1(10.53,23.08,4.35,14.81,24.53 and 10.82%)to Fusarium oxysporium,Rhizoctonia solani,Botrytis cinereapers, Gibberella zeae,Dothiorella gregaria,Colletotrichum gossypii respectively in 48 h; The injury to hela cells of SX-2 was significantly higher than SX-1 by microscopic observation;The inhibitiing rate of 5 mg·L-1and 20 mg·L-1SX-2 were 40.2%and 96.8 %respectively.
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