EGCG Reducing The Susceptibility To Gallstone Formation And The Exploration Of The Mechanism

As gallstone disease is a prevalent and costly disease and the growing global epidemic of obesity and metabolic syndrome will probably increase rates of gallstone disease worldwide, we should find an effective way to reduce the susceptibility to gallstone formation.(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallte (EGCG) is the most abundant one of six catechins in green tea. EGCG and tea polyphenols have been reported to have antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, and antioxidative effects.We established a cholesterol gallstone mouse model and pigment gallstone guinea pig model with lithogenic diet and examined the serum lipid level and the liver lipid peroxidation level to investigate the reducing susceptibility to gallstone formation effect of EGCG. Combined the analysis of microarray profiling assay and western blotting assay, we explored the mechanism of EGCG's effect of reducing the susceptibility to gallstone formation.The results showed that, the administration of EGCG significantly reduced the cholesterol and pigment gallstone formation rates, the concentration of guinea pig bile UCB and Ca2+, the C57BL/6 serum lipid levels. Results of the microarray profiling assay showed the anti-inflammation effect of EGCG through the regulation of gene expression involved in inflammation. Additionally, the expression of Nuclear Factor-κB (NF-κB) was down-regulated and the expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) was up-regulated after the treatment of EGCG.Also, the expression of CYP7A1 was up-regulated after the treatment of EGCG. According to the above results the mechanism of EGCG's effect of reducing the susceptibility to gallstone formation can be presumed as: Through reducing the liver oxidant level and the combination of UCB and Ca2+, EGCG reduced the susceptibility to pigment gallstone formation. Through reducing the liver oxidant level and modifying the pathway of cholesterol metabolism, EGCG reduced the susceptibility to cholesterol gallstone formation. EGCG can effectively reduce the susceptibility to cholesterol gallstone formation through the regulation of inflammation.