| Objective To understand viral etiology of acute respiratory tract infection in childrenin Lanzhou area two newly identified Polyomavirus KIPyV and WUPyV and commonrespiratory viruses as well as HBoV, hMPV, Coronviruses NL63 and HKU1 weretested by nested PCR and RT-PCR methods. The sequences of gene fragments areanalyzed.Subjects and Methods1.406 NPA specimens were collected from children with acute respiratory infections in Lanzhou area from December 2006 to November 2007.2.Polyomavirus WUPyV and KIPyV were tested by nested PCR methods and the amplicons were sequenced. RSV, Influenza A and B, Parainflurnza I , II ,III, hRV,ADV,human coronavirus OC43, 229E, NL63, HKU1 ,hMPV and HBoV were also detected by PCR and RT-PCR methods.3.The ratio and seasonal distribution of each virus and the clinical manifestations were analyzed.Results1.The detection ratios of WUPyV and KIPyV are 4.2% and 2.7%, respectively. The sequence of positive products shared high homology of 96% - 100%.Sigle nucleotide mutation and nucleotide insertion were found.2.The majority of children positive for WUPyV/KIPyV were less than 3years old .There are 6 boys and 11 girls with WUPyV infection and 7 boys and 4 girls with KIPyV infection. The detection ratios of WUPyV and KIPyV between boys and girls were not deferent significantly. (XWU2=0.946, P>0.05; XKI2= 0.781, P>0.05)3.Patients who tested positive for KIPyV and WUPyV ranged in age from 3 days to 9 years, and 73% (8/11)of KIPyV positive patients and 65% (11/17)of the patients with WUPyV infection were age 3 years and under.The median age of patients with KIPyV infection was 7 months and with WUPyV infection was 26 months.4.The two polyomaviruses were mainly detected in the autumn and winter months with the maximum number in November for WUPyV and in November and January for KIPyV.5.Another respiratory virus was detected in 8 of the 11 (75%) KIPyV- and 11 of the 17 (43%) WUPy V-positive specimens.6.The clinical diagnosis of children with WUPy V/KJPy V includes acute respiratory tract infections, bronchitis, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia.7.The total detection rate of viruses was 57.1%(232/406): RSV was 29.1%(118/406), ADV was 12.8%(52/406),PIV3 was 9.4% (38/406), HBoV hMPV and IFVA were the same rates7.1 % (29/406), human coronavirus HKU1 was 3.0%(12/406),IFVB was 1.5 % (6/406), PIV1 was 0.5 % (2/406), human coronavirus 229E was 0.2 % (1/406),PIV2 and human coronaviruses OC43 were not detected.8.The positive rates of males and famles were 58.3% and 55.5%, respectively. There was no significant difference between these two ratios. (X2=0.579, P>0.05)9.38.4% (89/406) children with viruses infection were under age 1 year; 33.6 %(78/406) children ranged in age from 1 to 3 years; 16.8 %( 39/406) children ranged in age from 3 to 5 years; 11.2 %( 26/406) children were more than 5 years old.There are remarkable seasonal distributions of viral respiratory tract infections in Lanzhou area. Viral respiratory tract infections predominated in spring and winter months.Conclusions1.Viral infection occupied an important status in children with ALRTI in Lanzhou and the incidence of viruses was 57.1%.2.Detection of Human KI and WU Polyomaviruses in Children withAcute Respiratory Tract Infections in Lanzhou area. The detection rates of WUPyV and KIPyV are 4.2% and 2.7%, respectively. The detection ratio of WUPyV and KIPyV between boys and girls were not deferent significantly. The majority of children positive for WUPyV/KIPyV were less than 3 years old.3.Viral Respiratory Tract Infections were common in children less than 5years old and much more in those younger than 2 years of age.There are remarkable seasonal distributions of viral respiratory tract infections in Lanzhou area. Viral respiratory tract infections predominated in autum and winter month.4. RSV, hRV, ADV and PIV3 are major causes of respiratory tract infections in children. There are a few hMPV and HBoV in children with respiratory tract infections in Lanzhou. HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-HKU1 are prevalent in Lan zhou area.
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