| Objective: To investigate the prognostic factors of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by analysis of clinicopathologic features and the expression of Caveolin-1 in ESCC; and to explore the correlation between Caveolin-1 and clinicopathologic features, hoping to provide a new theoretic basis for predicting prognosis.Methods: 1325 patients of ESCC who underwent a curative resection, were studied by univariate and multivariate analysis of Kaplan-Meier survial analysis and Cox proportional hazard model. The expression of Caveolin-1 was detected by S-P immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and flow cytometry (FCM) in ESCC. All data were analysized by SPSS 13.0 for windows.Results: 1 1325 patients cumulative survival at 1, 3 and 5 years were 72.0%, 53.0%, 41.0%. The median survival was 61.4 months.2 Kaplan-Meier survial analysis suggested that length of tumor, depth of tumor invasion, metastasis of lymph node, clinical stage were correlated with the prognosis of ESCC (P<0.01). But age and gender were not (P>0.05). 3 According to univariate analysis of COX model, length of tumor, depth of tumor invasion, metastasis of lymph node, clinical stage were correlated with the prognosis of ESCC (P<0.01). But age and gender were not (P>0.05). The result was coincident with the Kaplan-Meier survial analysis.4 According to multivariate analysis of COX model, depth of tumor invasion, metastasis of lymph node, clinical stage were correlated with the prognosis of ESCC (P<0.05). They were independent prognosis indicators of ESCC. But Length of tumor was a reference index (P>0.05).5 Spearman correlation analysis indicated that there were significant positive correlations between lengh of tumor and depth of tumor invasion (r=0.30, P<0.01), metastasis of lymph node (r=0.13, P<0.01), clinical stage (r=0.19, P<0.01). The results indicated that, the longer tumor was prone to deeper invasion, advanced clinical stage and lymph node metastasis.6 The immunohistochemical staining results: In 81 ESCC, the positive expression rate of Caveolin-1 was 55.6% (45/81). Caveolin-1 expression was not correlated with age, gender, length of tumor and depth of tumor invasion (P>0.05), but with metastasis of lymph node, tumor differenttiation and clinical stage (P<0.05). The expression in negative metastasis of lymph node was higher than the positive group. Caveolin-1 expression in well-moderate differenttiation was higher than poorly differenttiation. There was significant negative correlation between Caveolin-1 expression and clinical stage (r=-0.38, P<0.01).7 The expression of protein and prognosis: 5-year survival rate of patients with positive expression of Caveolin-1 (56.0%) was higher than those negative expression (23.0%) (P<0.05). Univariate analysis of Cox model showed that the expression of Caveolin-1 influenced the prognostic of ESCC (P<0.05), but it was not the independent prognosis indicator by multivariate analysis of Cox model. The positive expression of Caveolin-1 as a reference index of ESCC indicated higher survival rate.8 The protein relative level detected by FCM: In 81 cases of ESCC, the protein content of Caveolin-1 were (423.39±51.84) in positive lymph node metastasis and (389.93±78.49) in negative group. There was a siginificant difference (P<0.05). The content of Caveolin-1 was not related with age, gender, length of tumor, clinical stage, tumor differenttiation and depth of tumor invasion (P>0.05).Conclusion:1 Depth of tumor invasion, metastasis of lymph node and clinical stage were independent prognosis indicators of ESCC.2 Length of tumor was a reference index of ESCC prognosis.3 There were significant positive correlation between lengh of tumor and depth of tumor invasion, metastasis of lymph node, clinical stage. The results indicated that, the longer tumor was prone to deeper invasion, advanced clinical stage and lymph node metastasis.4 Age and gender were not correlated with the prognosis of ESCC (P>0.05).5 Caveolin-1 expression was not correlated with age, gender, length of tumor and depth of tumor invasion (P>0.05), but with metastasis of lymph node, tumor differenttiation and clinical stage (P<0.05). Caveolin-1 as a reference index of ESCC indicated higher survival rate.
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