| Objective In this study,overall nutrition survey and body composition analysis was conducted in Alzheimer's patients.According to the nutritional state and characteristics of diets,combining with clinical situation and related index,we discussed diet factors associated with Alzheimer,and further raise the possible diet intervention to prevent and cure Alzheimer.Methods The study selected Alzheimer's patients and healthy people for analysis. Historical diet data,eating habit,daily food intake category and amount was obsessed by food questionnaire.Diet state of Alzheimer's patients was further analyzed.Body composition analyzer was used to analyze body moisture content, muscle weight,body fat,body fat distribution,and mineral matters,etc.Luminance chromatometry was used to measure serum levels of total protein,total triglyceride, total cholesterol,aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,creatinine, blood urea nitrogen,glucose,etc.SpectraSpanv(3DCP-AES)was used to measure serum levels of magnesium,calcium,ferrum,zinc,copper,etc.Body composition analyzer was used to measure body height,weight,body mass index,skinfold,arm circumference,leg circumference,waist-to-hip ratio,etc.Biological kits were used to measure serum levels of vitamin E,copper-protein,erythrocuprein, malonaldehyde,glutathione catalase,etc.Mini-mental state examination,HIS, activity of daily living measuring scale,social support evaluation measuring scale and total degeneration measuring scale were used to evaluate the relationship between cognitive ability and clinical situation in Alzheimer's patients.Results1.167 subjects were selected,including 85 patients and 82 control subjects.There's no age or sex differences between groups,which keeps a good balance.2.In the results of serum levels of SOD,GSH-PX,CP,CAT,MDA and vitamin E, SOD,GSH-PX,CAT,and vitamin E were significantly lower in case group compared to control group(P＜0.01),however,CP and MDA were significantly higher in case group(P＜0.01).3.In the results of liver function and renal function,urea nitrogen and creatinine levels were significantly higher in case group compared to control group(P＜0.01). There were no difference in levels of glutamic pyruvic transaminase,glutamic oxalacetic transaminase,alkaline phosphatase between groups.4.In the results of serum lipid,glucose and protein levels,total protein,albumin, total cholesterol,and HDL-C levels were significantly lower in case group (P＜0.05).While serum glucose,triglyceride and LDL-C levels were significantly higher in case group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).5.In the results of 14 serum microelement levels,serum zinc,selenium,copper, magnesium and calcium levels were significantly lower in case group compared to control group(P＜0.05).However,serum lead and manganese levels were significant higher in case group(P＜0.05),and other microelements were not different between two groups.6.In the results of nutrients intake,the energy intake/kg·d,protein intake/kg·d,and manganum intake/kg·d were significantly higher in case group compared to control group(P＜0.05).The intakes of calcium,magnesium,zinc,selenium,vitamin A, thiamin,lactochrome,vitamin C,vitamin E and folic acid per day were significantly lower in case group(P＜0.05).7.In the results of body composition analysis,the items of weight,constitutional index,leg circumference,triceps skinfold thickness,body protein content,body inorganic substance content,body fat content,body fat percentage,waist-to-hip ratio and obesity level were significantly lower in case group compared to control group (P＜0.05).8.In the results of spirit status,the education level,division of labor,marriage state, social support,suppress level,dementia family history,head injury history of two groups are different(P＜0.05);the state of smoking,drinking,daily training and economy income of two groups are not statistically different.9.In the case group,the score of MMSE are as follows:illiteracy group (17.47±1.53),elementary school(21.33±2.71),middle and above school (25.78±2.09);the score of HIS is(3.14±0.76);the score of ADL is(45.87±5.24);the score of GDS is(4.36±0.68).The results indicate that the scores of indexes fit the diagnostic standards of Alzheimer disease.Conclusions1.To compare with the control group,the levels of SOD,GSH-PX,CAT and vitamin E,the contents of total protein,albumin,total cholesterol and HDL,the levels of serum zinc,selenium,copper,magnesium and calcium,of case group are low,the intakes of calcium,magnesium,zinc,selenium,vitamin A,thiamin,lactochrome, vitamin C and vitamin E per day,the items of weight,constitutional index,leg circumference,triceps skinfold thickness,body protein content,body inorganic substance content,body fat content,body fat percentage,waist-to-hip ratio,obesity and body mass index were significantly lower in case group than control group, while the levels of CP,MDA,glucose,triglyceride,LDL,serum lead,manganese, the energy intake of per day per kilogram weight,the protein intake of per day per kilogram weight,the manganum intake of per day were higher in case group than control group.2.In the spirit status analysis,education level,division of labor,marriage state, social support,suppress level,dementia family history,head injury history of two groups were different;the education level of case group is higher;most occupations of case group are manual workers;the divorce rate of case group is higher;the state of social support of case group is lower;the suppress level of case group is higher; the rates of dementia family history and head injury history of case group are higher.3.The scores of spirit indexes are lower in the case group;the scores of knowledge, attitude and behavior of nutrition are better in the control group.4.The OR values of dietary manganese,obesity degree,education level and head injury history were higher than 1,so they are the risk factors of Alzheimer disease; the OR values of HDL,intake of protein,marriage state and social support were lower than 1,so they are the risk factors of Alzheimer disease.It means with increasing manganese intake and increasing obesity degree above 100%,Alzheimer are more likely to happen;but with increasing HDL levels,increasing protein intake, good marriage state and social support,Alzheimer are more likely to be prevented. |
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