| Objective: To provide the scientific basic of the persisting development and deep processing for the Pummelo Peel by collecting the samples from different ages and different producing regions, making deep research on the differences in the total flavonoids and the stability in the same sample, making the initial expiration date for the decoction pieces of Pummelo Peel; to solve the expiration date problem of the application in the clinic and to provide the theoretical support for the curing effect of Pummelo Peel.Methods: Experimental data were dealing with statistics by comparing the Soxholet extraction with the ultrasonic extraction for the difference in the content of naringin to certify the difference in these two methods. The best processing parameters were made by designing the optimized ultrasonic methodby orthogonal experiment. Then the total flavonoids and naringin from different years and plant ages which were extracted by established optimized methods were determined the content by ultraviolet spectrophotometer and RP-HPLC, comparing the effects of different producing regions and plant ages on the total flavonoids in the Pummelo Peel. The storage period was studied and the best storage time was made by determined the development of the total flaviods in the different time points.Results:1. the comparing analysis between the two extraction methods showed that: naringin extracted by ultrasonic method had the average content of 28. 36 %, Rhoifolin had the content of 0.288%; naringin extracted by Soxholet extraction had the content of 26. 76%, Rhoifolin had the content of 0. 243 %. The extraction yield of naringin and Rhoifolin in the Pummelo Peel made by ultrasonic method was better than that of Soxholet extraction. After dealing with statistics, the P>0.05, which has the significant difference.2. The optimized ultrasonic extraction method technology made by orthogonal experiment was: methanol added 50ml, extracted for 30min at one time. After validated by process, the average content of naringin from the three Pummelo Peel samples from Shang Tiantang area was 27.33%, RSD was 1.13%.3. The determining results of content of Pummelo Peel samples showed that: the highest total flavonoids in the leaves was 13. 9%, the highest in the fruits was32. 34%, the highest in the floweres was 19.92%; the changing rule of naringin content was according to the total flavonoids . The highest content of Rhoifolin in the leaves was 1. 56%, the highest in the fruits was 4.5%, and the highest in the flowers was 1.13%.4. The analysis results of the total flavonoids and naringin in the fruits and flowers showed that: the content of the total flavonoids is highest in the Shang Tiantang area, which had reached 32. 34%, 19.92%; the content of the total flavonoids in the fruits is lowest in the Nongzhong area, which had reached 11. 54%; the total flavonoids in the flowers is lowest in Da Chaling, which had reached 15. 74%. The changing rule of the content of naringin was according with that of the total flavonoids. The content of naringin in the fruits and flowers was highest in the Shang Tiantang area. Which had reached 23. 83%, 13. 37%; The content of naringin in fruits was lowest in Nongzhong area, which reached 6.4211.54%; the lowest in the Da Chaling, which had reached 10.69%.5. The determining results for Pummelo Peel from different years showed that: the content of the total flavonoids was highest in 2005, which had reached 23.78%; the lowest in the 2007, which had only 11.54%. The changing rule of the content of naringin was according with that of the total flavonoids, which was highest in 2005, 15. 53%; the lowest in 2007, 6.42%.6. The analysis for storage time of Pummelo Peel showed that: the content of flavonoids in Pummelo Peel was stable at the room temperature and the content of the total flavonoidsl, naringin and Rhoifolin changed not much.The content of the total flavonoids in Pummelo Peel from Da Chaling was 11.88%, content of naringin was 7.58% and Rhoifolin was 1.21% in the o month. The average of the total flavonoids was 12. 21 % in the twelfth month, RSD was 3.72%; The average of naringin was. 7. 92%,RSD was 2.73 %; Rhoifolin was 1.28%, RSD was 3.92%.The content of the total flavonoids in Pummelo Peel from the Nongzhong area was 11. 11%, naringin was 5. 75%, Rhoifolin was 0. 74% in the o month. The content of the total flavonoids was 11.47%, naringin was 5.87%, Rhoifolin was 0.73%. The average of the total flavonoids was 11.74%, RSD was 3.48%; content of naringin was 6. 42%, RSD was 7.4%; Rhoifolin was 0.78%, RSD was 6.02% in the twelfth month.The content of the total flavonoids from TianZizhang area in 2007 was 17.36%, naringin was 11.09%, Rhoifolin was 1.12% in the o month. The total flavonoids was 17.74%, naringin was 12.04%, Rhoifolin was 1.21 %. The average of the total flavonoids was 18.02%, RSD was 2.51%; naringin was 11.84%, RSD was 2.00%; Rhoifolin was 1. 21%, RSD was 8.45 %.Conclusion:1. For the extraction of the total flavonoids in Pummelo Peel, ultrasonic method is better than that of Soxholet extraction, which has editted in the Pharmacopeia. The ultrasonic method is also easier and higher efficient, which can be used as the first choice for the extraction of the total flavonoids in Pummelo Peel.2. The optimized ultrasonic extraction method technology made by orthogonal experiment is validated and the data of the content of naringin is stalble, which has showed the technology is reasonable and feasible and carried out to deal with the Pummelo Peel samples in this study.3. The content of the total flavonoids in the Pummelo Peel samples are different in the different producing areas. The highest is in the ShangTiantang area, while the lowest is in the Nongzhong area;the content of the total flavonoids in the flowers isthe highest in ShangTiantang area, while the lowest is in the DaCha ling area, the changing rule of naringin is according with that of the total falvonoids, the highest is in the ShangTian tang area, while the lowest is in the Nong Zhong area; the highest in the flowers is in the Tian Tang area, while the lowest is in the Da Chaling area, the results certifies that the flavonoids in Pummelo Peel is difference in different producing areas. the quality is best in the Shang Tiantang area.4. Flavonoids in Pummelo Peel samples had significant difference in different producing areas, which suggested that the small circumstance maybe affect the quality of the Pummelo Peel;the quality of samples from Shant Tiantang producing area was the best, which suggested it should carry out systematic analysis for the ecological environment of Shant Tiantang producing area to find the affecting factors for ciltivating the fine quality Pummelo Peel.5. Plant age had not much effect on the content of the total flavonoids. The young fruit of Pummelo Peel which were picked up in 2005 had the highest quality and the young fruit of Pummelo Peel which were picked up in 2007 had the lowerest quality. The changing rule of naringin was according with that of the total flavonoids. The results showed that in the same producing area, flavonoids in Pummelo Peel from different plant age had not much different and the content was more than the standard in Pharmacopeia. Therefore, in the study of the affecting factor of flavonoids in Pummelo Peel, plant age had little difference. It was illustrated that the picking-up age could be made at the fourth year or even earlier, which should be confirmed by further experiment, in order to shorten the producing cycle, enlarging the supply of the Pummelo Peel , solving the contradiction for the supply is unable to meet the demand,6. From the affecting rule of producing area and plant age on the content of flavonoids in Pummelo Peel, it was showed that the changing rule of the total flavonoids was according with that of naringin. It was also illustrated that narlingin was the major component of flavonoids in Pummelo Peel. Therefore, the choice of quality control for Pummelo Peel can control the medical material by determining and monitoring the content of the total flavonoids, which could be taken to ensure the safety of the clinic drug.7. The storage period of Pummelo Peel was established: the expatriation period was tentatively set on one year by calculating data from the determined content of the total flavoids, naringin and Rhoifolin.8. Among the Pummelo Peel , the content of naringin was far more than that of <1.5% in "Chinese Pharmacopoeia" 2005. It strongly support the theoretic basic for Pummelo Peel in Huazhozu as the "amous-region drug" which editted in the literature.
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