| Bakeground: Diabetes mellitus is becoming epidemic and arouse global public health concernin. Its prevalence is only second to neoplasms and cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, with the improvement of living standard and changes of people's lifestyle, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in China showed an upward trend. It is predicted that the number of diabetes will reach 38 million by 2025. So studying the pathogenesis and prevention strategy of diabetes mellitus is important.High-calorie and high fat diet is popular now, and a lot of epidemiological studies have showed that dietary control is vital in the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus .Therefore, it is urgent to search for intervention for high-fat-diet-induced diabetes .Intestinal microflora participate in glycometabolism, lipid metabolism and amino acids metabolism of the host. Intestinal microflora is significantly correlated with health of the host and is tightly linked to metabolic disorder. Oligofructose supplementation results in increase of bifidobacteria and short-chain fatty acid of feces, lower level of endotoxaemia and inflammation can relieve metabolic disorder. In earlier years ,literature disclosed acarbose result in the proliferation of anaerobic and the raise of short-chain fatty acid in feces through isolation and culture methods. We aimed to observe the effects of acarbose on intestinal microflora and serum cytokines in type 2 diabetic patients, and discuss the correlativity between intestinal microflora and chronic inflammation.Our study tried to study the change using molecular biological methods. Given the experimental conditions, we only observe the effects of acarbose on quantification of bifidobacteria and concentration of serum C Reacative Protein(CRP). Objective: To observe the effects of acarbose on quantification of bifidobacteria and concentration of serum CRP in type 2 diabetes mellitus,and to discuss the correlativity between intestinal microflora and chronic inflammation.Methods:1.36 inpatients with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome (21 men and 15 women, and mean age 66±6.7 years) were selected randomly. They were randomly divided into two treatment groups. In acarbose treatment group, after collecting the first stool samples, acarbose (Bayer Pharmatheutics Ltd, China) is giveed by 50mg three time a day. In control group, no acarbose is offered, while the other treatmen t(subcutaneous injection insulin or oral antidiabetic drug) is alike. Regulating treatment except acarbose. In the end, there is no obvious difference in controlling blood glucose.Collecting the stool and blood samples respectively in all subjects before treatment and after one week of treatment.2.Bifidobacteria in human feces is quantified by using Realtime PCR and probe method, the quantification of Bifidobacteria were measured respectively in all subjects.3.The concentration of serum CRP were measured respectively in all subjects.4.To discuss the correlativity between intestinal microflora and chronic inflammation.Results:1.In acarbose treatment group, quantification of bifidobacteria is P50 4545.00 copies/μl before treatment, quantification of bifidobacteria is P50 5543.00 copies/μl after 1 week of treatment, there is no obvious difference about quantification of bifidobacteria before and after treatment(p>0.05).In control group,quantification of bifidobacteria is P50 3800.00copies/μl before treatment, quantification of bifidobacteria is P50 4320.00copies/μl after 1 week of treatment,there is no obvious difference about quantification of bifidobacteria before and after treatment(p>0.05). There is no obvious difference about quantification of bifidobacteria in both treatment groups after 1 week of treatment(p>0.05).2.In acarbose treatment group,concentration of serum CRP is P50 0.78mg/l before treatment, concentration of serum CRP is P50, 0.46mg/l after 1 week of treatment,there is no obvious difference about concentration of serum CRP before and after treatment(p>0.05).In control group,concentration of serum CRP is P50 1.84mg/l before treatment, concentration of serum C reacative protein is P50 1.55mg/l after 1 week of treatment, there is no obvious difference about concentration of serum CRP before and after treatment(p>0.05). There is no obvious difference about concentration of serum C reacative protein in both treatment groups after 1 week of treatment(p>0.05).3.There is obvious negative correlation between quantification of Bifidobacteria and concentration of serum C Reacative Protein (P<0.05).Conclusion: After 1 week of treatment by acarbose to type 2 diabetic inpatients, there is no obvious change in quantification of bifidobacteria and concentration of serum C Reactive Protein.
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