Studies On Separation And Enrichment With Liquid Membrane And Analysis Of Illicit Drugs And Amino Acids

Liquid membrane is studied on extraction and separation from 20 century 60 decades. It is a new membrane separation technique combining the advantages of solid membrane separation and solvent extraction. It is applied widely, including hydrometallurgy, chemical production, biology medication, environment sewage and separation and analysis of complex sample, based on the excellent selectivity, excellent separation efficiency, simple operation and ease achieving automatization. In the present paper, some illicit drugs were separated and enriched using liquid-liquid-liquid microextraction (LLLME) and some amino acids were separated and enriched using bulk liquid membrane (BLM). The details are summarized as follows:1. The review of several sample pretreatment methods and the kindsand application of liquid membrane, especially micro-liquid membrane (LLLME).2. LLLME-HPLC was developed for the simultaneous determination of two kinds of illicit drugs, amphetamine and ketamine in human urine. Relevant parameters, the kind of the organic phase, the stirring rate, the extraction time, the concentration of acceptor phase and pH in the donor phase were optimized. The method with high enrichment factor and excellent anti-interfering ability, was successfully applied to simultaneous determine amphetamine and ketamine in human urine.3. Carrier facilitated-transport LLLME-HPLC was developed for the determination of sotalol and carteolol in human urine. Extraction rate increased based on the addition of the carrier to the organic phase. Relevant parameters, the kind of the organic phase, the concetration of the carrier, pH in the donor phase, the concentration of the acceptor phase, the stirring rate and the extraction time were optimized. The method provides excellent anti-interfering ability, and was successfully applied to determine sotalol and carteolol in human urine.4. Carrier facilitated-transport LLLME-HPLC was developed for the simultaneous determination of morphine, ephedrine, codeine and amphetamine in human urine. Usually, hydrophilic drugs are difficult to be extracted because of their strong hydrophilicity. In this paper, hydrophilic drugs including morphine and ephedrine and hydrophobic drugs including codeine and amphetamine are successfully simultaneous determined by adding carrier to the organic phase. Nanocarrier was studied as the carrier on the apllication of LLLME firstly. The results indicate that LLLME with carrier facilitated-transport can be successfully applied to the separation and enrichment of hydrophilic drugs, and the applied range of the liquid phase microextraction has been expanded.5. Bulk liquid membrane based on nanocarrier facilitated transport was developed for the separation and enrichment of L-Tryptophan, DL-β-Phenylalanine and L-Methionine. Relevant parameters, pH in the donor phase, the concentration of the acceptor phase and temperature were systematically investigated. The results indicate that transport efficiency increased obviously by adding nanocarrier to the organic membrane phase in the liquid membrane transport.