| Objective: To investigate the distribution and occurrence regularity of pneumoconiosis in Hunan, so as to provide scientific basis for drawing protective measures against pneumoconiosis.Methods: On the basis of national pneumoconiosis epidemiology survey, all pneumoconiosis cases in 2001 to 2006 in Hunan were registered and imported into pneumoconiosis database according to the united coding and procedure software information. SPSS11.5 software was used in statistical processing followed by analysis of variance and x~2 test.Results: Totally 7587 newly occurred pneumoconiosis were found in 2001 ~ 2006 in Hunan province, among which 6406 were male, and 132 were female. The ratio of male and female was 49:1. In our study, the oldest case was 78 years old, while the youngest was 21 years old. The mean age of the cases were 50.46 years old. There were 2388 and 2994 pneumoconiosis cases exposed to dust beginning in the 1970s and 1980s, accounting for 31.47% and 39.4% respectively. The survey population was 349754 in 2001-2006, and there were 7587 pneumoconiosis cases; The mean detective rate was 2.17%. Among the cases in 2001 to 2006, most were from Xiangxi district (1374 cases) followed by Changde district (1242 cases), Henyang district (774 cases) and Chenzhou district (715 cases), accounting forl8. 11%, 16.37%, 10.20%and 9.42% respectively. The results showed that most pneumoconiosis cases in Hunan were from coal industrial (3722 cases), followed by non-ferrous metal (941 cases), building materials (617 cases), metallurgy (611 cases), accounting for 49.06%, 12.40%, 8.13% and 8.05% respectively. Pneumoconiosis cases surveyed in Hunan mainly work from state-owed enterprise (5805 cases), then from rural area enterprise (1515 cases) and collective enterprise (267 cases), accounting for 76.51%, 19.96% and 3.52% respectively. Silicosis and coal worker's pneumoconiosis were the main pattern of pneumoconiosis in Hunan. There were 3889 cases (accounting for 51.26%) and 3054 cases (accounting for 40.25%) respectively .Among 7587 pneumoconiosis cases from 2001 to 2006, the mean age of onset was 51.62; mean dust-exposed working- age was 25.89. Statistically difference was observed in mean age of onset as well as dust-exposed working- age in different pattern pneumoconiosis (F= 9. 02 , P<0. 01; F= 4. 66 , P<0. 01). There was association between onset of pneumoconiosis and dust concentration of different work type. The mean dust-exposed working- age of total pneumoconiosis was 22.52; mean age of onset of total pneumoconiosis was 52.16. There were statistically differences in age of onset as well as dust-exposed working-age in different work type (F=4. 34, P<0. 01; F=4. 38, P<0. 01). Among the 7587 pneumoconiosis, 982 cases had pulmonary tuberculosis complication. The mean complication rate was 12.94%. The pneumoconiosis in 2001-2006 died was 1193 cases. Among the death cases caused by pneumoconiosis, chronic pulmonary heart disease and pulmonary tuberculosis were 371, 192 and 165 respectively, accounting for 31.95%, 16.09% and 13.83% of total death cases. Pneumoconiosis was the first death causes followed by chronic pulmonary heart disease and pulmonary tuberculosis. With the stage of pneumoconiosis increasing, the mortality was increased.Conclusion: There was a place and professional distribution of pneumoconiosis in Hunan. Prevalence of pneumoconiosis was associated with the exposed dust concentration in different work type. Drill and composite workers should be the main prevention and treating population in miners. The rate of pneumoconiosis complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis increased with the increasing stage of pneumoconiosis. Developing and worsen of pneumoconiosis was the main cause of pneumoconiosis death in Hunan.
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