| Objective: To investigate the relationship between the FEZ1 expression and the length and depth of tumor ,the metastasis of lymph node in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) ,to provide a theoretical basis for clinical treatment and predicting prognosis.Methods: 1 .The analysis of clinicopathologic features :ESCC patients who underwent esophageal carcinoma between 1986 and 2002 were respectively reviewed.The multivariate analysis included 1325 patients with complete records.The relationship between the depth and length of tumor with metastasis of lymph node was analysized by multivariate analysis .2. 81 cases were randomly selected from the 1325 cases with ESCC. The expression of FEZ1 were detected by immunohistochemical method (SP),All data were analysized by SPSS13.0 for Windows.P values<0.05 was considered statistically significant. 3 The FEZ1 expression was detected in 12cases of normal esophageal tissue by Western blot.Results: 1. The biological features of ESCC: There are cases of patients with tumor invaded lamina propria or submucosa,muscularis propria,adventitia and soft tissue ,with the proportion of positive lymph nodes were 10.43%,28.57%,25.56%,38.13%,38% respectively ,with significant differences (P<0.05).Five-year survival rates of different depth of tumor invasion in 1325 ESCC cases were 67.99%,45.75%,44.78%,33.94%,22.03% respectively, the differences in them were significant(P<0.05).There are different length of tumor <2cm,2~3cm,3~4cm,>4cm,with the proportion of positive lymph nodes were 26.67%,32.34%,35.62%,39.05%,with significant differences (P<0.05).Five-year survival rates of different length of tumor in 1325 ESCC cases were 51.34%, 35.62% ,38.02% ,37.55% respectively ,with significant differences(P<0.05). So we concluded that the length and depth of tumor in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.were the significant prognosis factors.2.The immunohistochemical staining result:2.1 In 81cases ESCC ,the positive expression rates of FEZ1 in different depth of tumor invasion (tumor invaded lamina propria or submucosa,muscularis propria,adventitia and soft tissue)were 91.7%(11/12),23.5%(4/17),5.8%(3/52),differences were significant (χ2=41.643,P<0.05).2.2 In different length of tumor, <2cm,2-3cm,3-4cm,>4cm,the positive expression rates of FEZ1 were 47.1%(8/17),28.6%(6/21),11.8%(2/17),7.7%(2/26),the differences were significant (χ2=10.808,P<0.05).2.3 lymph node involvement had lower positive expression rates of FEZ1 compared with patients who were without lymph node involvement.( 16% and 25%),but the difference between the two groups was no significant (P>0.05).2.4 The positive expression rates of FEZ1 in the well differentiated and Moderately differentiated group was 36.4%(20/55),while in the poorly differentiated group was 34.6%(9/26), the difference between the two groups was no significant (χ2=0.23,P=0.541).2.5 The expression of proteins and prognosis: five-year survival rate of positive expression of FEZ1 was 71%(12/18), higher than negative expression 30%(24/63),difference between the two groups was no significant(χ2=3.140,P=0.065).3.The FEZ1 expression was detected in 12cases of normal esophageal tissue by Western blot. The expression of proteins in normal esophageal tissue was4.3±0.39,while higher than that in ESCC.Conclusion: 1.Length and depth of tumor were a predictor of lymph node metastasis and lower Five-year survival rates in 1325 ESCC cases.2.lymph node involvement had lower positive expression rates of FEZ1 compared with patients who were without lymph node involvement. The expression rates of FEZ1 is also related to the depth of tumor invasion , tumor length and differentiated group .It is valuable for Judging prognosis.3.The FEZ1 expression in normal esophageal tissue. were higher than that in ESCC ,so we concluded it has close relationship with prognosis.
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