A Cephalometric Study Of Upper Airway And Hyoid Bone In Children Without Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

The purposes of this study are to establish the normal reference values of upper airway and hyoid bone of children from 11 to 13 years old of Jinan city and approach correlations between the upper airway and hyoid bone and the craniofacial appearance, which can provide emphatic basements and counsels not only to the children's craniofacial development but also to diagnosis and therapy of OSAHS of Jinan city.This study had two sections.In the first section,patients from 11to 13 years old during 2006to 2007were screened by questionnaire and telephone interview of sleep.Those 208 children who were without subjective symptoms were received cephalograms.And the normal reference values of upper airway and hyoid bone of children in the early permanent dentition were established.There was gender difference of the sagittal depth of upper airway in early permanent dentition of the SPP-SPPW.The H-FH and H-VL were larger in male than in female,especially in the whole sample group.In the second section,the measure values of upper airway and hyoid bone of 123 female children were statistically analyzed and compared in different craniofacial appearances.Correlations between the upper airway and hyoid bone and the craniofacial appearances were approached.Among 3 sagittal facial types in female the measure values of TB-TPPW decreased and hyoid position became more backward and lower as ANB angle increased.And the measure values of SPP-SPPW decreased and hyoid position became more backward as MP-SN angle increased. In all,the upper airway and hyoid bone in children had differences in race,age and sex.The normal values of upper airway by race,age and sex should be established and provide emphatic basements and counsels not only to the children's craniofacial development but also to diagnosis and therapy of OSAHS of Jinan city.The upper airway and hyoid bone in children had differences in facial types.The hyoid position became more backward and lower as ANB angle or MP-SN angle increased.The upper airway sagittal depth and hyoid position in female were affected in different facial types which we should pay close attention to.Orthodontics which is used as a method of interfering in children's craniofacial appearance has significations in prevention and interception of children' OSAHS.