| Pasternack and his coworkers first established the Resonance Light Scattering (RLS) technique with a common spectrofluorometer in 1993. The RLS technique has attracted more and more interests because of its advantages including high sensitivity, good selectivity and simplicity. As a new analytical method, RLS has shown great potential significance on application and the latest investigation even has applied RLS in many new areas such as supermolecule chemistry, physical chemistry, life sciences and so on. To further study and develop high sensitivity, good selectivity, simple and convenient new RLS systems and methods has already become one of the important study subjects.In this dissertation, with muti-spectral techniques, we have established 8 new RLS methods for the determination of medicament and biomoleculars. Two parts are included in this contribution: RLS study and application on medicament and biomoleculars.Part One The determination of the medicament and the trace element contained in the medicineIn this study, a new rutin assay had been first established with Mn (II) as the RLS probe, which based on the unusual RLS decrease phenomenon. In addition, another rutin assay was established making use of the aminopyrine- cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-rutin system and based on the distinct RLS enhancement. Both the the effect of the factors and the optimum reaction conditions had been studied. In pH 7.5, the RLS decrease phenomenon was observed because of the interaction of 0.2 mg/mL Mn (II) with rutin. A good linear relationship between the changes of RLS intensities of manganese sulfate with and without rutin and the concentrations of rutin was obtained over the range of 0.49μg/mL to 24.4μg/mL and a low detection limit (LOD, 3σ) 0.42μg/mL was achieved in the mean time. In the RLS system of aminopyrine- cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-rutin, the surfactant was acted as a bridge. The LOD was 0.12μg/mL and the linear range was from 0.4 to 24.0μg/mL. Compared with common rutin assay, the proposed two methods were more sensitive and can obtain more exact analytical results in a more concentration range.In the optimum conditions, an intense RLS enhancement was obtained due to the interaction between curcumin and the gemini zwitterionic surfactant phosphodiesters quaternary ammonium salt (PQAS), which was in proportion to the concentration of curcumin in the certain concentration range. The LOD of the two curcumin assay were 0.07μg/mL and 2.6 ng/mL; the linear ranges were 0.4 ~ 60μg/mL and 0.08 ~ 60μg/mL. It can be concluded from the results that the assay using PQAS as probe was more sensitive and owned wider linear range.A new RLS method was established to determine the metal ion bismuth for medical purpose. It was found that an ionic associate was informed due to the reaction between PO43+ and Bi (III), which resulted in the distinct RLS enhancement. Based on this, a new RLS assay with the common H3PO4 as probe was developed for the determination of Bi (III). The LOD was 2.4 ng/mL and linear range 0.05 ~ 30μg/mL. This assay can be applied on the determination of Bi (III) in stomach drugs with high sensivity and good selectivity.Part Two The study and the determination on the biomolecularsIn this study, a dramatic RLS enhancement can be obtained as a result of the self-aggregation of dextrin and sodium alginate (SA). When all the other factors and conditions were invariable, the enhanced RLS intensity was in proportion to the particles. Based on this, the quantitative foundation for the determination of dextrin and SA was established. The LOD of the two assays were 0.012 mg/mL and 0.15 μg/mL; the linear ranges were 0.2~14 mg/mL and 0.05~18 mg/mL, respectively. This an important reformation in RLS technique as it's the first free-probe RLS assay, which in further simplify the procedures of experiment.As a cancerigenic substance, benzidine can react with proteins in acidic condition and result in strong RLS enhancement, based on which, a new protein assay was developed. In the wavelength of 392.0 nm, a good linear relationship was obtained between the enhanced RLS intensity and the concentration of protein. In the mean time, a low LOD of 1.9 ng/mL and a wide linear range of 0.04 ~ 9.0μg/mL were obtained. This proposed assay was simple, rapid, sensivite and had been successfully applied on the determination of protein in healthy human urea samples.
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