Separation, Purification And Bioactivity Of Polysaccharides From Astragaius Compianatus R. Br

Astragaius Compianatus R.Br, which is also named Tong Jili, is mainly distributed in Shaanxi, Hebei, Dongbei district, etc. It has ability to tonifying liver and kidney, improving eyesight, protecting spermatozoon. It also has the function of liver and kidney catheresis, waist and knee soreness, nocturnal emission and premature ejaculation, urination frequency, eyes gloomy etc. Astragaius Compianatus R.Br could be used as medicine, so it has great exploitation value.In order to ulteriorly exploit resource, the author conducted a series of studyon the nutritional components of Astragaius Compianatus R.Br, mainly researched on Shaanxi Astragaius Compianatus R.Br was conducted and its nutrition ingredients, polysaccharide extraction craft, separation purification, physics and chemistry nature and biological activity were referred. The main results are as follows.The results showed fruitage and persistent calyx of Astragaius Compianatus R.Br was rich in various amino acids, trace mineral elements and others nutritional components. It contains 14 kind of amino acids, in which the ratio of glutamic acid is 68%, aspartic acid is 14%. It has 7 kinds of human body essential amino acids (lysine, threonine, valine, methionine, phenylalanine, leucine and isoleucine, etc.), which explains that Astragaius Compianatus R.Br has nutritive and pharmaceutical values.The technique to improve the conditions of extraction of polysaccharides of Astragaius Compianatus R.Br was studied in this paper. The results showed that the optimum conditions of hot water extraction of water-soluble polysaccharides were as follows: the adding water ratio is 1:15, the temperature of extraction was 65℃, the duration of extraction was 6 hours, both the highest extraction ratio of polysaccharides were 96.9g/kg. The optimal conditions of supersonic wave extraction of water-soluble polysaccharides were as follows: the adding water ratio is 1:10 (W:V). The power of supersonic was 200W, the duration of extraction was 15min, the highest extraction ratio of polysaccharides were 118.3 g/kg. The water-soluble polysaccharides were extracted by ratio, may impact the chemical structure of polysaccharides. In addition, Sevag method combined with enzyme method based on traditional Sevag method to eliminate protein was adopted, which could greatly increase removal rate of protein. Then isolated by DEAE sepharose CL-6B and Sephadex G-200 gel filtration, six glyco conjugates ACRBⅠ- a, ACRBⅠ- b, ACRBⅡ- a, ACRBⅡ- b, ACRBⅢ, ACRBⅣwere at tai-ned,which were tested by gel filtrationon sephadexG-200 and cellulose acetate p-ellicle electrophoresis and the results showed ACRBⅠ- b, ACRBⅡ- a, ACRBⅡ- b, ACRBⅢare homogeneous components.In order to improve the accuracy, the standard molecular weight glucosan T-70 and T-40 were mixed on the column and it also had a good separation effect. Gas chromatography analysis, infra-red spectra analysis and physical and chemical characters showed that ACRB I -b molecular weight of ACRBⅠ-b is 67kD. ACRBⅡ-a molecular weight of PAVFⅡ-a is 75kD. ACRBⅡ-b molecular weight of which is 68kD.In determination of polysaccharide solubility, we used the time when polysaccharides dissolve in the unit volume of water but not the usual solubility. This is because the polysaccharide solution possibly forms the sol not to be able to appraise its solubility accurately.The acid hydrolysis of pure polysaccharides from Astragaius Compianatus R.Br was conducted in 120℃, 10h. The hydrolysis process was complete and they were analyzed by gas chromatography. We found that the sulfuric acid hydrolysis and the trimethyl silicon etherification have good effects.The gas chromatography analysis, the infrared spectrum and their physicochemical properties indicate that ACRBⅠ-b, ACRBⅡ-a, ACRBⅡ-b, ACRBⅢare the mixed polysaccharide. ACRBⅠ- b and ACRBⅡ- a are mainly composed by the glucose. ACRBⅡ- b is mainly composed by rhamnose, arabinose, ribose and galactose. ACRBⅢis mainly composed by mannose.