| Objective Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the single most import factor leading to adult End stage Renal Disese (ESRF) in the world. DN encompasses a myriad of structural and functional changes in the kidney: renal hyperfiltration mesangial matrix expansion, thickening of the glomerular basement membrane and functional alteration in the glomerular filtration barrier not been fully understood and DN has not been treated well yet. So it is of great significance to study the mechanism of DN and find effective drugs for treatment. Integrin- linked kinase is a serine/threonine protein kinase in cytochylema. As one of the transcriptional factor in cells,it can interact with different types of transmembrane receptors and thus regulate common cellular processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and protein expression, which can promote the aggregation of integrin mediated extracellular matrix and lower the adhesion between cellular. Some of the effects are closely associated with the diabetic nephropathy, such as diabetic glomerulosclerosis, interstitial fibrosis and the tubular EMT in the early stage, which may supply the new ways and methods for the treatment of the diabetic nephropathy. Curumin, the yellow curry pigment isolated from turmeric powder, is known to have many effect, such as hypolipidemic, antioxidant, scavenging free radicals, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-microbial, and so on. Curcumin might ameliorate renal lesion associared with diabetes in streptozotocin diabetic rats, but the similar report is few and the mechanism has not been reported yet. So futther studying the protective effect and mechanism of curcumin on kidney of diabetes is to be worth.In this experiment, mesangial cells were cultured with high glucose and various concentration of curcumin. MTT and Rt-PCR were used to evaluate the effects of curcumin on proliferation of mesangial cells and ILK gene expression at mRNA level respectively.Methods The MCs from rats were allocated into eight groups: normal glucose group (NG), high glucose group (25mmol/L glucose, HG), HG+ 10μmol/L curcumin group, HG+ 20μmol/L curcumin group, HG+ 40μmol/L curcumin group, HG+ 80μmol/L curcumin group, HG+ 160μmol/L curcumin group; 24 hours later, the proliferation activity of mesangial cells was observed by MTT assay; The MCs were allocated into five groups: normal glucose group (NG), high glucose group (25mmol/L glucose, HG), HG+ 20μmol/L curcumin group, HG+ 40μmol/L curcumin group, HG+ 80μmol/L curcumin group; the ILK mRNA in the cells was measured by semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) after subconfluent quiescent mesangial cells were incubated with various concentrations of curcumin for 24h in vitro.Results Compared with NG group, MCs proliferation activity increased in HG group. Curcumin at the concentration equal to or over 20μmol/L was able to inhibit the proliferation of mesangial cells in a dose dependent manner; Without any stimulation, mesangial cells expressed some ILK mRNA; high glucose increased the expression of ILK mRNA in the culture medium of mesangial cells in vitro, Yet curcumin could significantly down-regulated the ILK mRNA expression of in mesangial cells induced by high glucose.Conclusion 1. ILK plays the role in resulting in glomerulosclerosis proliferation and extracellular matrix. 2. Curcumin can antagonize the up-regulation of high glucose to the ILK-mRNA expression in a concentration- dependent manner. We have worked out the hypothesis that curcumin may play the role through inhibiting the TGF-Β1 pathway. 3. Curcumin at the concentration equal or over 20umol/l was able to inhibit the proliferation of mesangial cell in a dose-dependent manner, and this role maybe due to the down-regulation of ILK expression.
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