| Objective:Through the analysis research of the relevance literature materials,the cross-sectional study and data statistic, the present situation study for the crisis management system construction of public health emergency events for the domestic countryside was carried on,in order to analyze the vulnerability and countermeasure of the crisis management of public health emergency events in rural areas, to prevent and control pubilc health emergency events in rural areas.Methods:To begin with, the literature review data was used,including the overseas and domestic famous electronic literature databases such as MEDLINE, SpringerLINK full text electron periodical, OVID BP & Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (LWW) Total Access Collection, Master ProQuest abundant paper database,Science Online in the overseas famous electronic literature databases and Chinese journal full text database (CJFD), CQVIP database, WANFANG database, the retrieval period was from Jan.2000 to Dec.2006. The ways of the keyword and/or the key word and/or the free word were carried on the retrieval.Moreover,the Internet network was carried on the retrieval, the retrieval way was in accord with the first method, the retrieval period was unlimited.What is more,Community Information and Epidemiological Technotogies (CIET) were applied,namely through finding the problems of preparedness and response for the rural public health mergencies,analyzing the previous study,designing investigation project,carrying out the pre-investigation,the cross- sectional study,responding to preliminary analysis,the vulnerability and mechanism of preparedness and response for the rural public health emergencies were worked out.Among them,the inhabitants,the health profession technical and government administrative personnels of the countryside were chosen as research objects,the method of the stratified chester random sampling was adopted, in total,2136 inhabitants,1113 health profession personnels and 327 government administrative personnels of the countryside were investigated,the investigation questionnaires were independently designed,the investigation methods of self-completed and face-to-face questionnaires was used through the anonymous way; Finally, Haddon conceptual model was applied for prevention of public health emergency events in rural areas, namely the concept of the host,the factors of medium (pathogenesis) and environment of the public health.Results: The results could be summarized as follows:1,according to the evidence-based medicine study of the rural public health emergency events'literatures between Jan.2000 and Dec.2006,from the distribution of the rural public health emergency events'literatures reported,the three most papers among all ones published were the food-borne diseases(21.4%),the infectious diseases(18.9%) and the environmental hygiene events (18.1%). In addition , the studies of the rural public health emergency events on policies were the most among all papers published,accounting for 33.0% of the published data,secondly,the reasons researches accounting for 25.2%, the administrative system accounting for 24.1%, however,the study of the emergency mechanism,epidemiology aspect such as analysis of epidemiology, management effect and economics accounting for only 17.7%, especially the management effect(0.8%) and economics studies (0.4%);2,In view of the demonstration study of management capability to the rural public health emergency events,the risk recognition rates of public health emergency events for the inhabitants,the health profession technical and government administrative personnels of the countryside were 21.3%,14.0% and 26.9% respectively,the rates of knowing the chemistry toxicosis,daily first aid and food poisoning for the rural inhabitants only 6.2%,11.8% and 13.3% respectively,only 17.4%,28.1% and 25.1% for the rural government personnels,22.3%,33.6% and 35.3% for the rural hygiene professional staffs.In the emergency management,the knowing rates of the health profession and government personnels for the warning mechanism of public health emergency events were only 10.5% and 24.8% respectively.In the emergency technology,the competent rates of the health professional staffs for the emergency treatment technologies to the chemical accident,accidental injuries,radioactive accident,infectious diseases of unknown causes and food poisoning were 13.0%,25.7%,6.6%,4.7% and 45.2% respectively.Through the statistics analysis,the statistics difference existed in the public health emergency events management capability among the inhabitants,the health profession and government personnels of the countryside (F=24.00,P=0.000<0.05),the statistics differences among sex(F=16.42,P=0.000<0.05),the statistics differences among ages(F=28.69,P=0.000<0.05),the statistics differences among the different wedding status (F=16.48,P=0.000<0.05) and the statistics differences among the different education levels (F=103.18,P=0.000<0.05).The significant difference among the working years for the health profession technical and government administrative personnels of the countryside(F=16.82,P=0.000<0.05) existed in the public health emergency events management capability. No statistics differences existed in the dimensions of public health knowledge and risk cognition of the emergency capability between the inhabitants and government personnels(P=0.225>0.05) or health profession technical personnels (P=0.240>0.05)of the countryside,but there was the statistics difference on two dimensions of the emergency ability between the health profession personnels and government personnels of the countryside(P=0.033<0.05).The results showed that the emergency capability of the rural public health emergency events was affected by many factors,such as the level of education,the unit character,the occupation,professional title,sex and marital status,through the method of multi-factor analysis the response capacity regression equations of the three groups were established;3,The Haddon conceptual model combined with the evidence-based results of the rural public health emergency events'literatures,the Haddon conceptual model of the rural public health emergency events was built from the aspects of the different phases of the rural public health emergencies (preevent,event,and postevent) and the different influencing factors (host,agent/vehicle,physical environment,social enviro- nment).Conclusion: 1,Accoding to the evidence-based medicine study and summarizing of the rural public health emergency events'literatures, it clearly indicated that the researches of the rural public health emergency events mainly studied the food-borne diseases,the infectious diseases,the environmental hygiene events,but the demonstration studies of the vulnerability were deficient.At present,it existed in some problems for the preparedness and response of the rural public health emergency events,for example,the weakness of the emergency system construction in the rural government and health organizations,the low-level of personnel quality,the deficiency of the popularity for emergency knowledge and health education (including psychology) and the low grade cooperation ability of the preparedness and response departments;2,The emergency management level,risk consciousness,public health knowledge level and emergency technology of the government,the inhabitant and health profession personnel in rural areas were obviously insufficient.The emergency capability of the rural public health emergency events was affected by many factors.The emergency capability construction of the rural public health emergency events was needed to strengthen further;3,According to Haddon conceptual model,the countermeasures of prevention,preparedness and response for public health emergency events in rural area were proposed. |
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