1.The Expression And Significance Of HMGA2 In Prostate Cancer Tissue 2.The Expression And Significance Of CD133 In Bladder Transitional Cell Carcinoma

Background And Objective HMGA is a group of nuclear non-histone protein universally expressed in advanced animals. It is part of the chromatin and chromosomes and functions as a transcription regulator of multiple genes in vivo.It could affect physiologic cell behaviors, such as cell growth,proliferation ,differentiation and apoptosis,etc . HMGA could promote tumor cell growth and metastasis as a oncogene when it is overexpressed in cancer. In many tumors, HMGA expression level parallels with the maliganacy of the tumor cell. HMGA family is composed of HMGA1 and HMGA2. As HMGA2 gene locates in the chromatin break points aggregated area, its pathologic expression might be associated with carcinogenesis. So, in this research, we tried to investigate its pathologic expression in prostate cancer and it prognostic meaning.Methods HMGA2 expression was analyzed in 40 prostate cancer(PC) cases and in 40 benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) cases by hemi-nested reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry.Results The RT-PCR suggested that HMGA2 mRNA expression level was very low in BPH tissue. Meanwhile, it increased with the pathologic grade getting higher.Immunohistochemistry showed that HMGA2 protein expression was positive in 30/40 cases (75.0%) while it was 5% in BPH.There are significant difference between BPH and PC sample tissue(t= 3.32, P <0.001)Conclusion HMGA2 was over expressed in PC tissue and it was related with pathologic grade of PC. So it could be a PC pathologic index for diagnosis and differential diagnosis in future. Background And Objective The tumor incidence is going up higher and higher. Most tumors cannot be cured,and patients die in the end as the result of tumor reccurence and metastasis.Tumor stem cell theory shed light on the road to cure cancer.However ,up to now,no perfect tumor stem cell marker has been found.Therefore,the most important project in tumor stem cell research is to find specific marker.Recent researchs indicate that CD133 is a marker for many solid tumors.So,in this research,we tried to investigate the expression of CD133 in bladder cancer and its pathological meanings.Methods The expression of CD133 in 51 cases of bladder TCC tissue, 21 cases of bladder papilloma and 15 cases of cystitis tissue was analyzed by immunohistochemistry.Results 1,There was significant difference between cystitis tissue and bladder TCC tissue of CD133 protein expression(P =0.000) .2,The expression of CD133 in bladder papilloma was significantly higher than that in cystitis (P =0.000).3,CD133 expression increased with the increase of clinical staging (χ2=6.292,p=0.012)and pathological grading (χ2=4.524,p=0.033) of bladder TCC.4,The 5-year survival rate of the patients with positive CD133 expression was lower than that of patients with negative expression.Conclusion The expression of CD133 in bladder TCC was positively correlated with the tumor pathology grade and clinical staging. It can be used as indicators for clinical assessment of tumor biological behavior and prognosis in patients with bladder TCC.