| Background:ΔNp63 is one of p63 isomer.It is certain thatΔNp63 functions as a cancer gene.p63 has the same source as p53 in structure and function.The implantation of blastocysts is very similar to the invasion and migration of tumor cells. Many genes and proteins which play important roles in tumors also have significant effects on the implantation of blastocysts and the development of embryos.Animal experiment shows thatΔNp63 protein locates in endometria and deciduas of normal early pregnancy.Expression ofΔNp63 in human pregnancy cells is rarely reported. Therefore, it is worth further study.Objective:To observe protein expression of△Np63,p53 and ki-67 in human endometria and deciduas of normal early pregnancy and spontaneous abortion,and to discuss its significance in the development of decidua.Methods:Deciduas from 27 cases of spontaneous abortion including 23 cases of embryos ceasing to develop,one case of recurrent abortion and three cases of incomplete abortion,66 cases of decidua of normal early pregnancy and 57 cases of human endometria in non-pregnant period (33 at proliferative phase and 24 at secretory phase) were collected for this study.Tissue microarrays were then prepared for the study.The expression of△Np63 protein was detected by S-P immunohistochemistry.The expression of p53 and ki-67 in proliferative endometrium and secretory endometrium as well as that of decidua in normal early pregnancy and abortion were detected by S-P immunohistochemistry.Their correlations were analyzed.Results:(1)△Np63 protein was extensively distributed in both glandular epithelia and stromal cells as cytoplasm staining pattern.It was extensively distributed in human endometria and deciduas.(2)△Np63 protein expression in both phases of human endometria and normal early pregnancy was significantly higher than that in abortion cases (P <0.01).The positive rates of△Np63 in proliferative endometrium,secretory endometrium,and in groups of normal early pregnancy and abortion were 90.9%,87.5%,86.4% and 55.6%, respectively. The positive rate of△Np63 in the group of abortion was significantly lower than that in other groups (P <0.01).The high expression rates of△Np63 in proliferative endometrium,secretory endometrium, and in groups of normal early pregnancy and abortion were 63.6%, 16.7%, 57.6% and 11.2%, respectively. The high expression rates of△Np63 in both secretory endometrium and decidua in abortion were significantly lower than that in proliferative endometrium and decidua in normal early pregnancy (P <0.01).(3)Ki-67 positive staining was located in the nuclei. Positive immuno-staining Ki-67 was evident in proliferative and secretory endometria, as well as in deciduas of normal early pregnancy and abortion.In proliferative endometrium PI were24.4士5.16,decidua in normal early pregnancy were 32.13士10.14 respectively,compared with those in abortion and secretory phase, they were 8.10士9.60 and 14.60士4.45 respectively.(4)The high expression rate of△Np63 is positively correlated with Ki-67(r=0.800,P<0.05).(5)p53 protein was expressed in neither proliferative and secretory endometria, nor deciduas of normal early pregnancy and abortion. Conclusion:(1)△Np63 protein may take part in the periodic biological changes of endometrium.(2)The unregulated expression of△Np63 protein in the transformation from endometrium to decidua in early pregnancy and its maintained high expression in early pregnancy imply that△Np63 may play an important role in decidua's growth and development.
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