The Expression Of AR, PTEN, Ki67 In Prostate Cancer

Background and ObjectiveThe prostate cancer(Pca) is one of the most common malignant tumors in reproduction system with an increasing incidence rate.Most of the patients are aged male,with a median age of 72,and the peak age from 75 to 79 years old.In the US, more than 70%prostate cancer patients surpass 65 years old,and the male younger than 50 years old are very rare,however,the disease incidence rate and the mortality rate will display an exponential growth once the patients were older than 50 years old. The patients in the early stage of the Pca usually do not have any symptoms,but as tumor grow into the urethra,causing obstruct,the irritation of the lower part of the urethra would appear,even including retention of urine,hematuria and uroclepsia. Skeleton ache,the pathological bone fracture,anemia,lower limb paralysis would appear if the osseous metastasis happens.That's why in the early stage,the radical therapy would be preferred,and in the later stage castration the technique and anti-androgen treatment are more used.Therefore the early diagnosis and staging is very important.The prostate gland is an androgen dependent organ;therefore Pca could be divided into the androgen dependent style and the non-dependent style.The heterogeneity of the AR distribution might be useful criteria for hormone treatment response.So far PTEN is first anti-oncogene discovered possessing activity of phosphatase.Due to the mutation found in the late stage patients,it's also named as a multiple advanced mutation gene.Ki67 is one kind of nuclear antigen whose expression through out proliferation cycle of the cells,which may reflect proliferation activity of the cells accurately.In this topic the research would focus on the relationship between prostate cancer and distribution of androgen receptor(AR),key nuclear antigen Ki67 and the anti-oncogene PTEN respectively,which would provide the theory basis for the clinical early diagnosis,staging and the radical therapy and androgen blockage therapy.It would also promulgate the metabolism and the molecular biology pathogenesis of prostate cancer.Patients and MethodsParaffin-bedded tissues were obtained randomly from 45 prostate cancer patients who underwent PET/CT in Shandong Provincial Hospital.We obtained pathologic type,lymph node metastasis,stage,histology and the expression of AR,PTEN and Ki67 in 45 cases of prostate cancer.We decided the stage according to Gleason stage standard.The immuno-histochemical method use SP method.The results were evaluated by double-blind observation,accessing the histodifferentiation.In AR, PTEN and Ki67 bedded,cytoplasm(or cell membrane) stained with yellow granules were positive.According to the color,(-):no stained cell;(+):positive cells＜25%; (++):positive cells≥25%,＜50%(+++):positive cells≥50%.+～+++ were recognized as positive results.The results were analyzed by using X2 test of SPSS11.5 software. Differences with P＜0.05 were accepted as significant.Results1.Expression of AR in prostate cancerThe positive rate of AR in the tissue of prostate cancer is 83.3%,showing no significant difference in BPH(P＞0.05),and no relation with Gleason staging or score(P＞0.05). 2.Expression of PTEN in prostate cancerThe positive rate of PTEN in the tissue of prostate cancer is 61.1%,showing significant difference in BPH(P＜0.05),but no relation with Gleason staging or score(P＞0.05).3.Expression of Ki67 in prostate cancerThe positive rate of Ki67 in the tissue of prostate cancer is 72.2%,showing significant difference in BPH(P＜0.05),but no relation with Gleason staging or score(P＞0.05).Conclusion1.AR would access weather the cancer is hormonal dependent,providing the theoretical basis for the endocrine therapy for the Pca.2.The abnormal expression of PTEN would correlate with the carcinogenesis and process of the Pca.3.Ki67 takes part in the process of the carcinogenesis,which mediates the blockage of apoptosis and active of cell proliferation of the Pca.