Studies On The Chemical Constituents From Euphorbia Helioscopia L.

Objective: The whole grass of Euphorbia helioscopia L., a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, and has been used to treat ascites, edema, pulmonary tuberculosis, tinea and cervical tuberculous lymphaden. It is distributed in most regions of China except Xinjiang province and Tibet province. But there is not enough study on its chemical constituents. Therefore, in this dissertation, we systematic study its chemical constituents and further invest its effective substances. Furthermore, it is also meaningful to the fundamental research of medicinal plant resources of funiu mountain of henan province.Methods: Air-dried whole grasses of Euphorbia helioscopia L. (1.0 kg) were extracted by 50% aqueous acetone three times at room temperature. The filtered extract was concentrated in a vacuum evaporator to the gross extract, which were dissolved in suitable water, and then were subjected to Diaion HP-20 porous polymer resin and eluted with H2O, 10%, 20%...60% MeOH and 70% aqueous acetone successively. Then separated and purified by Diaion HP-20, Toyopearl HW-40, Sephadex LH-20, Silica gel and preparative liquid chromatography. The structures of compounds were identified on the basis of physiochemical characteristics and spectral methods such as UV,IR,1H-NMR,13C-NMR,DEPT-135,1H-1H COSY,HSQC,HMBC and so on.Results: 24 compounds were isolated from Euphorbia helioscopia L. and 23 compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical methods. They were pyrogallol(GL-1); gallic acid(GL-2); gallic acid-4-O-(6'-O-galloyl)-β-D-glucose (GL-3); (-)-shikimic acid-4-O-gallate(GL-6); (-)-shikimic acid-5-O-gallate(GL-6′); methyl gallate(GL-7); 1-O-galloyl-2, 3-HHDP-α-D-glucose(GL-9); 1, 2, 3, 6-tetra- O-galloyl-β-D-glucose(GL-13); 3′′-O-galloyl-benzyl-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (GL-14); 1, 2, 6-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose(GL-15); 3, 4, 6-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (GL-17); 1, 3, 6-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose(GL-18); resorcinol (GL-28); quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside-2′′-gallate (GL-11); myricetin- 3-O-(2′′-O-galloyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside(GL-12); kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyrano- yl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (GL-21); rutin(GL-22); kaempferol (GL-27); quercetin(GL-29); 3β, 7β, 15β-trihydroxy-2αH, 4αH, 9βH, 11βH-lathyra-5E, 12E-diene-14-one-16-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(GL-26); 2-amino-3-(1-indol)-N-methyl propanamide(GL-8); isofraxidin (GL-19-2); 4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone (GL-20).Conclusion: Two new compound, 3′′-O-galloyl-benzyl-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl- (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside(GL-14) and 3β, 7β, 15β-trihydroxy-2αH, 4αH, 9βH, 11βH-lathyra-5E, 12E-diene-14-one-16-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(GL-26) was isolated from this plant. The other sixteen known compounds, GL-2, GL-3, GL-6, GL-6′, GL -7, GL-9, GL-13, GL-15, GL-17, GL-18, GL-28, GL-11, GL-12, GL-21, GL-22, GL-28, GL-19-2 and GL-20 were isolated from this plant for the first time. Besides, there are five compounds GL-3, GL-7, GL-15, GL-27 and GL-29, which had been isolated from this plant by others before. This study provided a few basis for the fundamental research of Euphorbia helioscopia L.