| Background and purpose:Extensive studies of the coronary artery have been doing by many scholars at home and abroad in different aspects from basic medicine to clinical medicine.At present, radiofrequency catheter ablation(RFCA) becomes a more frequently used standard treatment in arrhythmia.But its influence to coronary artery,in particular,angina or even myocardial infarction caused by the occurrence of,has been attracting great attention of clinicians.Therefore, a new understanding is required urgently from the application point of the coronary artery anatomy.Methodology:The 40 teaching corpse hearts were taken out in methods of gross anatomy.And they were fully exposed that the entire content of the left and right coronary artery root and each branch through peeling off the soft tissue surrounding the arteries.Then the results were recorded and summed up,including the opening position of coronary arteries,the type of branch and the existence of the vice-coronary arteries.Results:1.Most of the openings of left and right coronary artery were in the aortic sinus,which were 87.5%and 92.5%respectively.If the aortic sinus was divided into the left,middle and right trisection,the opening of left and right coronary artery in the middle 1 / 3 was in the majority, which was 62.5%and 70%respectively.2.The external perimeter of left coronary in adult artery was 5.1+1.4mm,and was significantly bigger than that of right coronary artery(3.8±2.1 mm).3.Observation of the left coronary artery and its branches with distributions has been done.Emergence of the diagonal branch was 40%. The normal angle of anterior descending artery and circumflex artery was 90°±10°.4.Observation of the right coronary artery and its branches with distributions has been done.Branch of right coronary artery in diaphragmatic surface of heart mostly terminated in the crux region and between the left edges,accounting for 62.5%.Then posterior descending branch terminated mostly at the lower 1/3 of the posterior inter-ventricular sulcus,accounting for 52.5%.5.Most coronary arteries were right-dominant type,then balanced type,and left-dominant type followed.Those were 60%,35%and 5% respectively.6.The emergence rate of vice-coronary artery is 47.5%.In 19 cases, there was one vice-coronary artery in 17 cases.Furthermore,there were two vice-coronary arteries in 2 cases.They originated from aortic sinus completely,and distributed mainly in pulmonary artery cone(61.9%) and aortic wall(33.3%).The external perimeter of vice- coronary artery distributed in the pulmonary cone was 1.4±0.1mm,and that distributed in the aortic wall was 0.6±0.1mm.Conclusions:1.Great majority of the openings of coronary arteries are in the middle 1 / 3 of the inside aortic sinus.2.The average external perimeter of the left coronary artery is larger than the right coronary artery.3.The research observed the left coronary artery and its branch with distributions.4.The research observed the right coronary artery and its branch with distributions.5.Majority of coronary artery are right-dominant type.6.The emergence rate of the vice-coronary artery is 47.5%.7.Suggestions:(1)Coronary angiography should be done before ablation,to know the distance between the ablation point and the coronary artery branches, as well as the distribution of coronary artery and the existence of vice-coronary artery.(2)To reduce the thermal injury,clinics should locate accurately,a fixed contact,reducing time and frequency of discharge,reducing the acute injury to the coronary artery from ablation. (3)Clinics could adopt the method of less energy,control of temperature,ablation for many times,or perfusion catheter with saline in order to reduce damage of the coronary artery.(4)During the procedure,try to avoid doing it roughly,and avoid the mistake of going into the coronary arteries which will cause direct harm.
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