Observation Of Morphologic Changes In Renal Vascular Hypertensive Rats

In order to investigate renal morphologic changes and relationship between these changes and hypertension in the renal hypertensive rats,the morphologic changes of renal tubules and renal blood vessels were observed by the histochemistry AKP and ink-gelatin infusion.280 SD male rats which weighted about 250g were randomly divided into seven groups which were control group(Ⅰ),2K1C acute disease group (Ⅱ),2K1C chronic disease group(Ⅲ),2K2C acute disease group(Ⅳ),2K2C chronic disease group(Ⅴ),sugar-induced hypertension model acute disease group(Ⅵ), sugar-induced hypertension model chronic disease group(Ⅶ),each group was 40. 2K1C hypertensive model was established by setting self-made stainless steel cannula at the left renal artery to narrow the left renal artery in the rats of groupⅡand groupⅢ.2K2C hypertensive model was established by setting self-made stainless steel cannula at both renal arteries to narrow both renal arteries in the rats of groupⅣand groupⅤ.The rats of groupⅥandⅦwere fed by 10%sugar water to construct sugar-induced hypertension model,The rats of the control group was fed normally. Rat blood pressure was measured by tail cuff every week.At the third week (experimental groupⅡ,Ⅳ),at the seventh week(experimental groupⅢ,Ⅴ),at the 6th week(experimental groupⅥ),at the 10th week(experimental groupⅦ),rats were killed and removed the left and right kidneys quickly.AKP was showed by Gomori's calcium - cobalt method.Changes of renal tubule and vessel were observated in the light microscope,and morphological analysis.The changes of renal capsule size,renal glomerule size and renal capsule lacunar size etc were observated by ink-gelatin infusion.The changes of gray scale,renal tubule number and renal tubule internal diameter etc were observated by AKP.The results were as following:Average before experiment blood pressure of rats:15.03～15.08Kpa.The rat blood pressure of groupⅡ,Ⅲ,ⅣandⅤsignificantly increased after a week,average value:17.65～20.73 Kpa,Compared with the pre-experimental average blood pressure there was a very significant differences(P＜0.01).Rat blood pressure of groupⅥandⅦsignificantly increased after 4 weeks,average value 18.89～19.21 Kpa, Compared with the pre-experimental average blood pressure there was a very significant differences(P＜0.01).Compared with the groupⅠ,lesion occurred in the renal vessels,blood vessels became thinner,blood vessels were visible gridding,fibrotic,less branched;renal glomerule shrinkage occurred very significantly,and even necrotized;the renal capsule became smaller,renal capsule lacunar became bigger in other groups rats with renal vessel injection.Compared with groupⅠ:in the rats of groupⅡ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ,Ⅶ,renal capsule decreased(1.61～47.17μm),renal glomerule decreased(0.94～43.57μm),renal capsule lacunar increased(3.01～12.25μm),there were very significant differences(p＜0.01),but there was no significant differences in the rats of groupⅥ(p＞0.05).In the same experimental group,compared left kidney and right kidney:in the rats of groupⅠ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ,Ⅵ,Ⅶ,there were no significant differences(p＞0.05);In the rats of groupⅡ,left renal capsule decreased,right renal capsule increased,the size difference between the left and right renal capsule was 27.22μm,left renal glomerule and right renal glomerule decreased,the size difference between the left and right renal glomerule was 20.54μm,and there were very significant differences(p＜0.01). Left and right renal capsule lacunar increased,the size difference between the left and right renal capsule lacunar was 0.51μm,and there were significant differences (0.01＜p＜0.05).In the rats of groupⅢleft and right renal glomerule decreased,the size difference between the left and right renal glomerule was 17.13μm,left and right renal capsule lacunar increased,the size difference between the left and right renal capsule lacunar was 3.12μm,and there were very significant differences(p＜0.01).Left and right renal capsule decreased,the size difference between the left and right renal capsule was 9.55μm,and there was significant difference (0.01＜p＜0.05).In the same model,compared acute and chronic disease group:in the rats of groupⅡand groupⅢrenal capsule decreased,the size difference between in the rats of groupⅡand groupⅢrenal capsule was 12.87μm,renal glomerule decreased,the size difference between in the rats of groupⅡand groupⅢrenal glomerule was 5.50μm,renal capsule lacunar increased,the size difference between in the rats of groupⅡand groupⅢrenal capsule lacunar was 1.59μm,and there were very significant differences(p＜0.01).In the rats of groupⅣand groupⅤ,renal capsule decreased,the size difference between in the rats of groupⅣand groupⅤrenal capsule was 7.77μm,renal glomerule decreased,the size difference between in the rats of groupⅣand groupⅤrenal glomerule was 5.17μm,renal capsule lacunar increased,the size difference between in the rats of groupⅣand groupⅤrenal capsule lacunar was 2.29μm,and there were very significant differences(p＜0.01);In the rats of groupⅥand groupⅦrenal capsule decreased,the size difference between in the rats of groupⅥand groupⅦrenal capsule was 3.58μm,renal glomerule decreased,the size difference between in the rats of groupⅥand groupⅦrenal glomerule was 2.17μm,renal capsule lacunar increased,the size difference between in the rats of groupⅥand groupⅦrenal capsule lacunar was 1.15μm, and there was a very significant difference(p＜0.01).Compared with groupⅠ,AKP activity became depressed(0.31～20.09),renal tubule number decreased(0.85～37.01),renal tubule intermal diameter decreased (0.25～2.54μm) in the rats of groupⅡ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ,Ⅶ,there were very significant differences(p＜0.01);but there was no significant differences in groupⅥ(p＞0.05).In the same experimental group,compared left kidney and right kidney:there were no significant differences among the rats of groupⅡ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ,ⅦⅠ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ,Ⅵ,Ⅶ(p＞0.05);In the rats of groupⅡ,left AKP activity became depressed,right AKP activity became higher,the strength difference between the left and right AKP activity was 7.87,left renal tubule number decreased,right renal tubule number increased,the number difference between the left and right renal tubule number was 61.20,left renal tubule intermal diameter decreased(1.31～1.82μm),right renal tubule intermal diameter increased,the size difference between the left and right renal tubule intermal diameter was 2.72μm,and there were very significant differences(p＜0.01). In the rats of groupⅢ,left and right AKP activity became depressed,the strength difference between the left and right AKP activity was 10.62,left and right renal tubule number decreased,the number difference between the left and right renal tubule number was 58.60,left and right renal tubule intermal diameter decreased,the size difference between the left and right renal tubule intermal diameter was 2.14μm,and there were very significant differences(p＜0.01).In the same model,compared acute and chronic disease group:in the rats of groupⅡand groupⅢAKP activity became depressed,the strength difference between in the rats of groupⅡand groupⅢAKP activity was 8.44,renal tubule number decreased,the number difference between in the rats of groupⅡand groupⅢrenal tubule number was 22.50,renal tubule intermal diameter decreased,the size difference between in the rats of groupⅡand groupⅢrenal tubule intermal diameter was 0.69μm,and there were very significant differences(p＜0.01).In the rats of groupⅣand groupⅤAKP activity became decreased,the strength difference between in the rats of groupⅣand groupⅤAKP activity was 4.56,renal tubule number decreased,the number difference between in the rats of groupⅣand groupⅤrenal tubule number was 15.46,renal tubule intermal diameter decreased,the size difference between in the rats of groupⅣand groupⅤrenal tubule intermal diameter was 0.89μm,and there were very significant differences(p＜0.01).In the rats of groupⅥand groupⅦAKP activity became decreased,the strength difference between in the rats of groupⅥand groupⅦAKP activity was 2.06,renal tubule number decreased,the number difference between in the rats of groupⅥand groupⅦrenal tubule number was 9.17,renal tubule intermal diameter decreased,the size difference between in the rats of groupⅥand groupⅦrenal tubule intermal diameter was 0.35μm,and there were very significant differences(p＜0.01).The results above-mentioned suggested that:It took a long time for rats of sugar-induced group to form hypertension.High blood pressure damage on the corpusculum renis and renal tubule:2K2C rats was more seriously injured than 2K1C rats,sugar-induced hypertension rats was the lightliest in the same time period.The chronic disease rats was more seriously injured than the acute disease rats,high blood pressure caused damage on the corpusculum renis and renal tubule,which would become more and more seriously with the extension of time.Renal vascular hypertension model damage on the corpusculum renis and renal tubule was more seriously than the sugar-induced hypertension model.