A Study On The Relative Risk Factors Of The Carotid Atherosclerosis

ObjectiveWe study the relative risk factors of CIMT and CAS for the selection of further treatment to reduce the incidence of stroke in the future and provide a scientific basis.MethodsA total of 302 patients with carotid artery ultrasonography from hospitalization and outpatient department of neurology in the Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical College from Apirl 2008 to April 2009 were selected, including 70 normal subjects and 232 patients with carotid atherosclerosis. All of the objects were investigated in uniform questionnaires about suspected risk factors which included population feature, individual behavior feature, history of past illness, family medical history, and laboratory examination. We used the GE VIVID 7 PRO U.S. Color Doppler Ultrasonic Diagnostic Equipment to detected some related indexes of carotid atherosclerosis by Ultrasound diagnosis of full-time physician. The date was statistically analyzed with SPSS13.0 software, P≤0.05 for significant difference in the level of the test.Results(1)Individual logistic analysis showed that 7 factors were related to CIMT (P<0.05), including history of hypertension and diabetes, smoking, years of alchohol intake, male and TC. Multiple regression analysis showed that history of hypertension and diabetes,smoking were independent risk factors of CIMT. (2)Simple correlation analysis showed that the occurrence of carotid atherosclerosis plaque is related to age,SBP and TC. The nature of Carotid atherosclerotic plaque is related to age; The number of Carotid atherosclerotic plaque is related to age, SBP, TC and fasting plasma glucose level; The carotid atherosclerotic plaque area is related to age, SBP and fasting plasma glucose levels. (3)The stratified analysis of smoking index confirms that there was a significant difference between the average thickness of CIMT in the cases(smoking index>400)and that in the cases(smoking index <400)(P<0.05). (4)The stratified analysis of age showed that along with aging, the average thickness of CIMT gradually become thickening, the detection ratios of CAS stenosis increased, the percent stenosis become serious. (5)The stratified analysis of BMI showed that there was a significant difference between the average thickness of CIMT in the cases(BMI≥29.9)and that in the cases(24.9>BMI≥22.9)(P<0.05). (6)The stratified analysis of PP showed that there was a significant difference between the average thickness of CIMT in the cases(60>PP≥40)and that in the cases(PP<40)(P<0.05), and there was a significant difference between the average thickness of CIMT in the cases(80>PP≥60)and that in the cases(PP<40)(P<0.05). (7)The stratified analysis of HDL-C showed that there was a significant difference between the average thickness of CIMT in the cases(HDL-C>1.85)and that in the cases(HDL-C <1.03)(P<0.05).Conclusion(1)The CIMT can reflect the early CAS,and there was a very important value on the study of CAS. (2)The related risk factors of CIM included hypertension, diabetes, smoking,alchohol intake, male and TC et al. (3)Age, SBP, TC and fasting plasma glucose level were related to the occurrence of carotid atherosclerosis plaque, the nature of Carotid atherosclerotic plaque, the number of Carotid atherosclerotic plaque, the carotid atherosclerotic plaque area and the percent stenosis. The largest contribution were age and SBP. (4)Smoking was a risk factors about abnormal thickening of CIMT and the occurrence of CAS . And along with smoking index increasing ,the CIMT become gradual thickening. (5) Along with BMT increasing ,the CIMT become gradual thickening, Obesity is a risk factor for CIMT . (6)Along with PP increasing ,the CIMT become gradual thickening, The increasing blood pressure variability promote the development of the CAS. (7)HDL-C was a protect factor for the CIMT. Along with HDL-C increasing, the average thickness of CIMT gradually become thining. (8)To some extent, ultrasonographycan accurately reflect the situation of CAS, and provide an objective basis for the prevention and treatment of cerebrovascular disease.