| Background:invasive follicular thyroid carcinoma(MIC) and follicular thyroid adenoma (FTA) The only difference lies in the capsular and vascular invasion, so its difficult to diagnose, easy to missed. As the number of objective technical reasons, such as conventional drawn can not be carried out all the embedded tumor tissue, and tissue biopsy incomplete, so that some of MIC missed. And we found some violations in the work but not coated full-thickness capsular invasion of the FTA, there are a number of cell proliferation active FTA, how we diagnose them, and how to guide clinicians to treatment? Cytology and histology can not solve these problems. With immunohistochemistry the rapid development of new technologies, so that the pathologist who received a new diagnosis. This requires that we need to find out the exact immune markers to guide our diagnosis. Galectin -3 ( G-3) polypeptide is an animal withβ-galactosidase lectin family, the outer one, G-3 is capable of regulating cell adhesion and proliferation, inhibit apoptosis, involved in tumor invasion and metastasis, identification, participate in inflammation and immune regulation functions. In recent years, G-3 in follicular thyroid tumors and the clinical significance with the current research has become a hot spot. Objective: To explore the G-3 minimally invasive follicular thyroid cancer and a number of adenomas and its clinical significance.Methods:Through the 101 collected cases of thyroid follicular tumor specimens according to widely invasive follicular carcinoma, micro-invasive follicular carcinoma, follicular adenoma, atypical adenoma, oncocytic adenoma group, and then 15 cases of micro-invasive follicular carcinoma by infiltration site, differentiation group, the 57 cases of follicular adenoma according to whether the violation of capsule, differentiation group, the patient's gender and age group, immunohistochemistry (IHC) to detect a variety of G-3 in thyroid follicular tumors, and to explore the expression of G-3 micro-invasive follicular thyroid cancer and a number of adenoma growth, invasion and so the relationship between biological behavior. Results:(1) In 25 cases of FTC in, G-3 positive expression of the number of cases to 24 cases, positive expression rate was 96.00%, but in the surrounding area of the 11 patients with nodular goiter, 14 cases of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis in both said negative expression, G-3 at the FTC, the positive rate was significantly higher than the surrounding non-tumor benign thyroid lesions (X2 test, P <0.01); (2) In this study, 25 cases of FTC under the infiltration degree of infiltration into a broad-based and micro-invasive type, of which 10 cases of extensively invasive carcinoma of G-3 as a positive expression of all of its positive expression rate of 100.00%, MIC for 15 cases, 14 cases were positive expression, the positive expression rate of 93.33%, G-3 expression in the FTC has nothing to do with their degree of infiltration (X2 test, P> 0.05); (3) MIC according to the degree of differentiation (ie cell growth density and quality with the amount of plastic) can be divided into different poorly differentiated, differentiated, high scores of three, in this experiment, because only the separation of specimens less differentiated poorly differentiated group and the two groups, of which 8 cases of poorly differentiated group, of which 7 cases moderately differentiated group,strong positive expression rate were 67.50%,0.00%, G-3 in the poorly differentiated group of MIC in the expression level is higher than the MIC in the differentiation group The expression (X2 test, P <0.05); (4) MIC according to the location of infiltration has been divided into three different capsule invasion, vascular invasion alone, capsular and vascular invasion were three groups, group of five cases of pure capsule infiltration , simple capsule infiltration group , vascular invasion alone group , both capsular and vascular invasion group were five cases of positeve expression rates were 100.00%, 100.00%, 80.00%, G-3 expression in the MIC position has nothing to do with their infiltration (X2, P> 0.05); (5) in the experimental group, 15 cases of MIC in, G-3 positive expression rate of 93.33%, 15 patients with suspected infiltration of the thyroid adenoma capsule, positive expression rate was 86.67%, it is not that the G-3 at the MIC and suspicious envelope violations adenomas there are differences in the positive expression (X2 test, P> 0.05); (6) suspected violations of the adenoma capsule, according to the extent of infringement is divided into: violations capsule≤1/2 group and the violation capsule>1/2 group, violation capsule≤1/2 group, 7 cases, G-3 positive expression rate was 85.71%, violating capsule>1/2 group, 8 cases, positive expression rate of 87.50%, G-3 assault under suspicious adenoma capsule expression has nothing to do with the depth of envelope violations (X2 test, P> 0.05); (7) 15 cases MIC in, G - 3 positive expression rate of 93.33%, 42 cases of follicular adenoma in general, G-3 expression in 11 cases the number of cases, positive expression rate of 26.19%, G-3 in the MIC of the positive expression was significantly higher than normal gonadal follicles Tumor expression (X2 test, P <0.01); (8) Normal follicular adenoma according to the degree of differentiation can be divided into large follicular adenoma, small follicular adenoma, fetal adenoma, embryonal adenoma, In this experimental group, 42 cases of adenoma, large follicular adenoma in 14 cases, small follicular adenoma in 12 cases, fetal adenoma in 9 cases, embryonal adenoma in 7 cases, positive expression rates were 7.14%, 8.33%, 33.33%, 85.71%, G-3 in the embryonic adenoma The positive expression rate was significantly higher than other three kinds of follicular adenoma (X2test, P <0.01) ; (9) in 15 cases of MIC in, G-3 positive expression rate was 93.33%, embryonal adenoma in 7 cases, G-3 positive expression rate was 85.71%, still can not believe that G-3 at the MIC and embryonal adenoma in expression of difference (X2 test, P> 0.05); (10) in 15 cases of MIC in, G-3 positive expression rate was 93.33%, 8 cases of atypical adenoma, the positive expression rate was 87.50%, it is not that the G-3 at the MIC and atypical adenomatous difference between the positive expression (X2 test, P> 0.05); (11) in 15 cases of MIC in, G-3 positive expression rate was 93.33%, 11 cases of eosinophilic cell adenoma, the positive expression rate was 100.00%, it is not that the G-3 at the MIC and eosinophilic adenomas positive difference in expression (X2 test, P> 0.05); (12) in the experimental group in the tropic Acid-cell tumors in 19 patients, G-3 were positive expression, in which thyroid oncocytic carcinoma, 4 cases of suspicious envelope violations of eosinophilic adenoma in 4 cases, ordinary eosinophilic adenoma in 11 cases, the Strong positive expression rates were 100.00%, 75.00%, 18.18%, G-3 in thyroid oncocytic carcinoma, suspicious envelope violations of eosinophilic adenoma, normal eosinophilic adenomas intensity gradually reduced (X2 test, P <0.01); (13) to G-3 expression and thyroid follicular tumor patient's age, gender analysis of the relationship between, G-3 in thyroid follicular tumors from patients with positive expression rate of the impact of gender and age (X2 test, P> 0.05).Conclusions:(1) G-3 can be used as the differential diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma and benign thyroid lesions (nodular goiter, lymphocytic thyroiditis, thyroid follicular adenoma) and a high sensitivity and specificity, diagnostic accuracy of high marker; (2) G-3 along with the FTC in the degree of infiltration to increase the breadth and intensity of its expression also increased, which means that it increases the expression level of tumor tissue showed that the empowerment of the invasion; (3) G-3 expression in the MIC of the MIC of the infiltration rate and location, but with the MIC the degree of differentiation was negatively correlated with the trend; (4) G-3 in a number of specific FTA (such as suspicious envelope violations of adenoma, embryonal adenoma, ATA, oncocytic adenoma) in both high-level expression of consider these borderline tumor thyroid adenoma, guiding the clinical pay enough attention to; (5) G-3 in thyroid adenoma in a suspicious envelope was a high level of violations of the expression it conveys the depth of strength has nothing to do with violations, but their cell density was positively correlated trend, while the number with the gelatinous contents of a negative correlation with MIC similar; (6) G-3 in all of eosinophilic tumor expression, but the intensity of its expression in the thyroid eosinophilic cell carcinoma, suspicious envelope violations of eosinophilic adenoma oncocytic adenoma in general showed decreasing trend.
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