Isolation And Identification Of The Constituents From Veratrum Nigrum Var. Ussuriense

Veratrum (Liliaceae), a genus of poisonous and perennial herb, is widely distributed in the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. Several Veratrum species are used in traditional Chinese medicine as "Li-Lu" for treatment of aphasia arising from apoplexy, dysentery, jaundice, headache, scabies and chronic malaria.Veratrum nigrum L. var. ussuriense Nakai is one specie of traditional Chinese medicine "Li-Lu". It is mainly distributed in Northeast China. Its main components, steroidal alkaloids, were reported to possess various cardiovascular activities by previous researches.This paper studied the chemical constituents from rhizomes and roots of Veratrum nigrum var. ussuriense Nakai,25 compounds were isolated through various types of column chromatography including silica gel, C18, CG161 and so on. The structures of 23 compounds among them were eludicated as P-sitosterol (1), vanillic acid (2), isoferulic acid (3), p-hydrobenzoic acid (4),3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (5), resveratrol (6), verussustilbene (7), 2,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxy stilbene (8), angeloylaygadenine (9), veratroylzygadenine (10), isozygadenine (11), zygadenine (12), neoverataline B (13), germerine (14), isogermerine (15), 15-O-(2-methylbutyroyl) germine (16), (-)-veranigrine (17), germine (18), verussurinine (19), veraussine A (20), veraussine B (21), N-(ethoxycarbonyl)-pseudojervine (22), N-(methoxycarbonyl)-pseudojervine (23). Compounds 15,20～23 are new compounds not previously reported, their structures were determined by ESI-MS, COSY, HSQC, HMBC, NOESY spectra and all signals were assigned. Compounds 2～5,9～11,13,17 are firstly isolated form this plant.Alkaloids (9-23) were screened for their inhibitory effects on rabbit blood platelet aggregation induced by ADP in vitro. Test results revealed that at a concentration of 3.44μg/mL, compound 19 (inhibitory rate=34.35%) possesses higher activity than positive control group (inhibitory rate=23.06% at a concentration of 38.36μg/mL), while compound 11 (inhibitory rate=21.29%) and 12 (inhibitory rate=20.73%) exhibit medium effects that are similar to that of positive control group. Results reveals that alkaloids with germine and zygadenine skeletons have higher activity than jervine-type alkaloids.