Nano Calcium Oxalate Crystals Adhered To Africa Green Monkey Renal Epithelial Cells

Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM),X-ray Powder Diffraction(XRD),Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope(LSM),Nanoparticle-Zeta potential Analyzer and microplate-reader for ELISA were utilized to investigate the adhensive effect between African green monkey kidney epithelial cells and nano calcium oxalate crystals(CaOxa), and the inducement of nucleation and growth of calcium oxalate crystals, moreover, the differences of these effects and its relationship to urolithiasis was discussed.The adherence of nano calcium oxalate monohydrate(COM) and nano calcium oxalate dehydrate to Vero cells before and after injury was observed by SEM. Normal Vero cells was anti-adhensive to crystals, the amount and size of COM or COD adhered to surface of which would not increase significantly with time increasing, while the amount of COM and COD adhered to injured Vero cells increased dramatically with time increasing. Zeta potential analysis revealed that when COM or COD adhered to Vero cells, Zeta potential of Normal cells changed slowly, while that of injured Vero cells raised linearly, implicating that cell injury was related to enhancement of crystal adhension, and the risk of stone formation increased.Enhancement of crystal adhension after cell injury was probably related to expression of lagre amount of negatively-charged substance on surface or surrounding of injured cells. Results of Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope revealed that after Vero cells was injured, the expression of osteopontin(OPN) surrounding cells increased, and OPN could combine to COM or COD crystal, which was one of cystal adhension enhancement. Analysis of XRD indicating that the adhension of COD to Vero cells was crystal face-specificity. (411) face of COD crystal preferentially adhered to the surface of Vero cells specifically, however, injured Vero cells exhibited stronger combining force with (411) face, and expanded to other faces in a short time.CaOxa crystals with sharp edge were induced by injured Vero cells, which was COM comfirmed by XRD, while normal Vero cells induced the formation of round and blunt crystals, which was coexistence of COM and COD crystals. OPN was a promoter of nucleation of CaOxa crystals proved by Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope.