| Objective:To evaluate the bone formation of the biodegradable porous silk fibroin/ hydroxyapatite/bone morphogenetic protein-2 (SF/HA/BMP-2) to heal a segmental bone defect, and to investigate the feasibility of SF/HA/BMP-2 as a bone substitute material. The article hopefully provide a new artificial bone material for clinical bone defects.Methods:The biodegradable porous SF/HA/BMP-2 was combined with BMP-2 which has induction of bone formation.54 rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups. A segmental bone defect (15 mm in length) was created at a left radial in each rabbit. SF/HA/BMP-2 was implanted into the bone defects in the experimental group through open operation, SF/HA was implanted into the bone defects in the experimental control group, and nothin implanted into in the blank control group. The curative effect was evaluated by radiographic examination, histology analysis and eyes observation in each group at post-operative 4,8 and 12 week, respectively.Result:The rate and quality of new bone formation were significantly different in the experimental group, the experimental control group and the blank control group (P<0.05). The segmental bone defects were complete union in the experimental groups, while the defects were partial union in the experimental control groups. In the defects in blank groups, there were no formation of new bone after operation and bone defects were finally filled with fibrous tissue. Conclusion:SF/HA/BMP-2 has a suitable degradation rate and can be replaced by normal bone tissue appropriately. It has a better ability to repair bone defects, and can meet the requirements of modern bone tissue engineering.
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