| Objective: To investigate the expression of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) in the occurrence and development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and the correlation between eIF4E and clinical pathological features,prognosis. hoping to provide a new theoretic basis for clinical diagnosis,treatment and predicting prognosis.Methods : eIF4E mRNA and protein expression in esophageal carcinoma and normal esophageal mucosa were detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT- PCR)and immunohistochemical (IHC) SP method and then analyzed the relation between their expression and clinical pathological features .eIF4E protein were detected by immunohisochemistory in 84 cases, and further studied the relationship between eIF4E expression and the prognosis. The data was analysized by statistical software SPSS 13.0 for windows.Results:1 the relationship between eIF4E expression in esophageal carcinoma and clinical pathological features.1.1 The RT-PCR resultseIF4E mRNA expression shown by RT-PCR:The eIF4E mRNA expression was detected in ESCC and adjacent esophageal mucosa .The level of eIF4E mRNA expression in ESCC was 0.561±0.079, while that was significantly higher than that in adjacent esophageal mucosa 0.442±0.061(P<0.05).the levels of eIF4E mRNA relative expression were 0.485±0.048,0.548±0.061,0.623±0.093 in well-differentiated ,moderate and low-differentiated group(P=0.012). Multiple comparisons showed that the expression was higher in low-differentiated group than in well-differentiated group (P < 0.05).eIF4E mRNA expression in different invasion were 0.458±0.047(not-muscular),0.524±0.019(superficial-muscle),0.604±0.078(dee-p muscle), 0.578±0.063(fiber-membrane)(P=0.003). Multiple comparisons showed that higher in fiber membrane and deep muscle than in mucous layer(P<0.05). eIF4E mRNA expression was not correlated with age, gender, lymph node metastasis and different clinical stages (P>0.05).1.2 The immunohistochemistry resultsIn 84 ESCC, the positive expression rate of eIF4E was 75.00% , while that was of significantly higher expression in esophageal mucosa 30.80% (P=0.001)。there was a positive correlation with pathological grading of the tumor(rs=0.228,P<0.05); with the increase of the degree of differentiation, increased expression of eIF4E protein. mean rank of eIF4E expression was 34.00(not-muscular),39.50(superficial-muscle),59.58(deep-muscle),40.45(fibe-r membrane)(P<0.05).there was not correlation with gender ,age, lymph node metastasis and different clinical stages ( P>0.05).2 the relationship between eIF4E expression and prognosis in esophageal carcinoma.The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that 84 patients with ESCC,following factors were observed to be significantly associated with prognosis: eIF4E expression, clinical stage,lymph node metastasis, differentiation and invasive depth(All P<0.05). 5-year survival rate of patients with high expression of eIF4E was31.8%,significantly lower than the 53.3% with low expression group .eIF4E expression can be considered an impact on the prognosis of esophageal carcinoma by the log-rank test(P<0.05).The Cox model analysis showed that differentiation and clinical stage(All P<0.05) entered into model,while eIF4E expression not(P>0.05).eIF4E was not the independent prognosis indicator . But it demonstrated the expression of eIF4E influenced the prognosis of ESCC, so it can be used as supplementary indicator of prognosis.Conclusion:1 high expression of eIF4E mRNA and protein in esophageal carcinoma, and low expression of in esophageal mucosa, suggesting that eIF4E expression had the role in the occurrence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.2 eIF4E expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma related to pathological grade and depth of invasion, suggesting that eIF4E may be involved in tumor invasion and development.3 eIF4E expression was not the independent prognosis indicator. The enhanced expression of eIF4E as a reference index of ESCC indicated poor prognosis.
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