Studies On Expression And Significance Of HSP27, HSP90αand NF-KBP65 Expression In Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Objective: Heat shock protein (HSP) is a ubiquitous highly conserved polypeptide protein family. It consists of several subfamilies, including HSP27, HSP60, HSP70, HSP90 and HSP 110 according to their molecular weight. Their main function is to sustain the stability of proteins essential for cellular viability, which is considered as functions on cell protection. Nuclear transcription factor-κB(NF-κB) is one of the most important Transcription factors that exist in the cytoplasm of eukaryote. It is a protein family Composed of complicated polypeptide subunits and including at least 5 members: RelA (P65), RelB, C-Rel, NF-κB1(P50/P105), NF-κB2(P52/P100). NF-κBP65 is an important member of the NF-κB family. NF-κB may suppress cell apoptosis,promote cell proliferation or directly adjust the expression of Oncogene and thus lead to the carcinogenesis. Recently studied indicated that HSP27, 90 and NF-κB in lung cancer, gastric cancer, brain glioma and so on are high expression, Foreign scholars find in the human leukemia cell line U937,HSP27 overexpression increases NF-κB nuclear relocalization, DNA binding, and transcriptional activity induced by etoposide, TNF-α, and interleukin 1β. TNF-induced recruitment and activation of the IKK complex require Hsp90. but the relations among HSP27, 90 and NF-κB in the esophagus squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) are not completely clear. This experiment apply immunohistochemical method to study the expressions and the quantity of the HSP27,HSP90αand NF-κBP65 in the the ESCC,mucosa adjacent to cancer and the normal esophagus mucous membrane tissues. Furthermore, we determine the correlation of the HSP27,HSP90 and NF-ΚB expression in the ESCC.Methods: The specimens were taken from the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Thoracic Surgery, May 2010~August 2010. There were 30 patients with esophageal cancer, including 23 males and 7 females, mean age of 60.2 years. the sample were comprise with cancer,mucosa adjacent to cancer (the edge of the tumor is 2-5cm) and normal esophageal mucosa (the edge of the tumor > 5cm and without invasion). All the patients had no radiotherapy or chemotherapy before the operations. The samples of the tumor are all ESCC by the pathology examination. We apply two-step immunohistochemical staining to detect the expressions and the quantity of the HSP27,HSP90αand NF-κBP65 in the ESCC, the mucosa adjacent to cancer and the normal esophagus mucous membrane. Furthermore, we explore its relationship with the length of the tumor, location of the tumor, the pathological grade, the depth of invasion, the clinical stage and the lymph node metastasis by statistical analysis of software SPSS13.0.Results: 1 the expressions and the quantity of the HSP27,HSP90αand NF-κBP65 in the ESCC,the mucosa adjacent to cancer and the normal esophagus mucous membrane.1.1 The results showed that the overall positive expression rate of HSP 27 in 30 cases was 100% (30/30)and strong positive expression rate was 66.67%(20/30) in the ESCC; while those in the mucosa adjacent to cancer were 100% (30/30)and 33.33% (10/30)and in the normal esophagus mucous membrane were 96.76% (29/30)and 30.00%(9/30); Analysis of Wilcoxon Signed rank test showed that the difference expression rate of HSP27 between normal esophageal mucosa and mucosa adjacent to cancer was not significant(P>0.05). However, compared with that in ESCC was much lower(P<0.005,P<0.005).1.2 The results showed that the overall positive expression rate of HSP 90αin 30 cases was 96.67%(29/30) and strong positive expression rate was 33.33% (10/30)in the ESCC; while those in the mucosa adjacent to cancer were 90.00% (27/30)and 10.00%(3/30)and in the normal esophagus mucous membrane were 76.76%(23/30)and 6.67%(2/30); Analysis of Wilcoxon Signed rank test showed that The difference expression rate of HSP90αbetween normal esophageal mucosa and mucosa adjacent to cancer was not significant(P>0.05). However, compared with that in ESCC was much lower (P<0.005,P<0.005).1.3 The results showed that the overall positive expression rate of NF-κBP65 in 30 cases was 90.00%(27/30) and strong positive expression rate was 20.00% (6/30)in the ESCC; while those in the mucosa adjacent to cancer were 56.67%(17/30)and 6.67%(2/30)and in the normal esophagus mucous membrane were 53.33%(16/30) and 3.33%(1/30); Analysis of Wilcoxon Signed rank test showed that The difference expression rate of NF-κBP65 between normal esophageal mucosa and mucosa adjacent to cancer was not significant(P>0.05). However, compared with that in ESCC was much lower(P<0.005, P<0.005).2 The result show that there is no correlation between HSP90αand NF-κBP65(r=0.168,P=0.324)and the same result between HSP27 and NF-κBP65(r=-0.042,P=0.824).3 The expression of HSP27 and HSP90αin the ESCC cases did not correlated with length of tumor, depth of invasion and lymph node metastasis(P>0.05). There was no significant correlation between the expression of HSP27 and pathological grade, while HSP90αhas correlation with it (P<0.05, r=0.428).Conclusions: 1 The total positive expression rate and the strong positive exprssion rate of HSP27, HSP90αand NF-κB in ESCC was highter than thoese in the mucosa adjacent to cancer and the normal esophagus mucous membrane. This indicate that the increase of HSP27, HSP90αand NF-κB may be associated with the malignant development of esophageal squamous cell.2 there is no correlation between HSP90αand NF-κBP65 ,while the same result between HSP27 and NF-κBP65.3 The expression of HSP27 and HSP90αin the ESCC cases did not correlated with length of tumor, depth of invasion and lymph node metastasis. There was no significant correlation between the expression of HSP27 and pathological grade, while HSP90αhas correlation with it.