Studies On Chemical Consitituents And Attenuation Effect Of Processed Euphorbia Kansui

Euphorbia kansui T. N. Liou ex T. P. Wang is abundantly distributed in the northwestern of China. The dried roots of Euphorbia kansui are known as"Kan Sui"in Chinese medicine. Euphorbia is cold in nature, bitter in taste and poisonous, gets in lung, kidney, large intestine, with the function of diarrhea. It was mostly used to treat cirrhotic ascites, pleural effusion, edema, cough and asthma, cancer and other illnesses. Modern pharmacological studies show that the plant has the function of diarrhea, the anti-fertility, anti-tumor and the role of immune suppression etc.The chemical composition research of Euphorbia kansui can be traced back to the 1940s, it was done first by Japanese LiuTian chang yi and then out for years. The study of the chemical ingredients of Euphorbia kansui find that the main chemical compositions are triterpene and diterpenes. Euphorbia kansui is poisonous medicine, with skin irritation, polarity toxicity, lapactic action side effect. Pharmacological experimental research shows that the side effect of the processed Euphorbia kansui significantly dropped, and the TLC experiments confirm the chemical composition of the processed Euphorbia kansui changed before and after processing. At present, there is much research on Euphorbia kansui but little system study on the processed Euphorbia kansui. So it is very necessary for us to study the material foundation of pharmacological functions change before and after processing. This study will research the chemical changes before and after processing, especially the change of the poisonous ingredient. Objectives With the application of modern chemistry theory and the technology of separation and analysis, combined with physical and chemical methods, the chemical constituents of the processed Euphorbia kansui T. N. Liou ex T. P. Wang were studied systemically, aiming at obtaining material base of pharmacological activities change before and after processing, developing and utilizing the plant resources rationally.Methods By using colum chromatography such as PTLC, silica gel, polyamide and gel etc repeatedly, compounds were isolated and purified. On the basis of their chemical and physical properties and the spectra data of ESI-MS, NMR, IR etc, compared with data reported in literatures, the structures of the constituents were determined. Meanwhile, to research on the toxicity of extracted parts of Euphorbia kansui decoction pieces, then aim to find out toxicity parts and research into the influence of processing to the toxicity of Euphorbia kansui.Results 16 compounds had been isolated from the extracts, they were: euphorbol(Ⅰ),β-sitosterol(Ⅱ), sitosterol-3-O-6′-stearoyl-β-D-glucopyrano side(Ⅲ), daucosterol(Ⅳ), palmitic acid(Ⅴ), maltol(Ⅵ), monpalmitin(Ⅶ), Stigmasterol-β-D- -glucoside(ⅤⅢ), 5-oxymaltol(Ⅸ), succinic acid(Ⅹ), uracil(Ⅺ), sucrose(Ⅻ), kansu- -inineB(ⅩⅢ), oleanic acid(ⅪⅤ), ursolic acid(ⅩⅤ),β-D-fructoside(ⅩⅥ). The pharm- -acologic experiments of each extracted part of Euphorbia kansui indicated that: solutions for testing of Euphorbia kansui which was preparated by soxhlet extraction, the experimental animals appear obvious poisoning symptoms, the toxicity parts is the petroleum ether part. The result of petroleum ether part of Euphorbia kansui and the petroleum ether part of the processed Euphorbia kansui toxicity tests to mice show that Euphorbia kansui is more toxic than the processed one. Conclusion During the isolation and identification of 16 compounds, they were: euphorbol(Ⅰ),β-sitosterol(Ⅱ), sitosterol-3-O-6′-stearoyl-β-D-glucopyrano side(Ⅲ), daucosterol(Ⅳ), palmitic acid(Ⅴ), maltol(Ⅵ), monpalmitin(Ⅶ), stigmasterol-β-D- -glucoside(ⅤⅢ), 5-oxymaltol(Ⅸ), succinic acid(Ⅹ), uracil(Ⅺ), sucrose(Ⅻ), kansu- -inineB(ⅩⅢ), oleanic acid(ⅪⅤ), ursolic acid(ⅩⅤ),β-D-fructoside(ⅩⅥ). 9 of them were isolated for the first time, they wereⅥ,Ⅶ,ⅤⅢ,Ⅸ,Ⅹ,Ⅺ,ⅪⅤ,ⅩⅤ, ⅩⅥ. The pharmacologic experiments of Euphorbia kansui indicated that: the toxicity of Euphorbia kansui can reduced through decoction, in addition, the content of euphorbol decrease in Euphorbia kansui after processed which obtained by HPLC analysis. The processed Euphorbia kansui is less toxic than Euphorbia kansui may have some relation with composition of euphorbol in Euphorbia kansui.