| Background: As a major public health problem worldwide, HIV/AIDS has been paid much attention by both the UN and all the nations because of its serious hazards. By the end of 2007, there were about 700,000 people living with HIV/AIDS in China, the infection rates of whole population is 0.05%, of which intravenous drug users are 38.1%. as a high-risk group, financial and material resources are needed to take care of intravenous drug users. However, these tangible resources are limited; we need invisible resources to promot their effectives and offset their shortages. As a hot academic topic, social capital theory has been widly used in politic, ecomonic and health areas. It is an invisible capital that is inbeded in social networks, and it has an irreplaceable role in the work of HIV/AIDS prevention and control.Aim: By questionmare investigation of MMT patients in different regions in Anhui province, we got a general idea of the basic social economic situation, the current situation of the stock of social capital and HIV/AIDS prevention and control in this population. Based on this, the influence factors of social and the key social capital that related to effects of HIV/AIDS prevention and control were discussed, and then some suggestions were laid out through strengthening the social capital construction among MMT patients.Methods: This research used three questionmares, which included Basic Situation Questionmare, Social Capital Questionmare and the Questionmare on effects of HIV/AIDS prevention for MMT patients. We carried out face to face investigation in most cases. Epidata 3.10 was used to do the data input, and SPSS 15.0 was used to do the data analysis which included descriptive statistics, factor analysis,χ2 test, nonparametric test and multi liner regression analysis, and Cronbachαwas counted to test the Social Capital Questionmar that was developed on our own.Results: (1) 508 of the total 536 MMT patients were investigated, the response rate was 95.70%;(2) Social capital status: 454(89.4%) of all the respondents had a intimate interaction with relatives; 441 (86.8%) of them had intimate friends; 337(66.3%) of them chatted a lot with friends, coworkers or neighbors; 97(19.1%) never care for each other with others; 64(12.6%) of them joined one or more organizations; 48(9.4%) of them took part in community activities or meetings; 188(37.0%) of them never confide to other people; and 266(44.5%) of them could get care and help when they were in trouble; 205(40.4%) of them can get economic help when they were short of money; 468(92.1%) of the respondents believed their family members/relatives/friends, 366(72.1%) of them believed their neighbors, 359(70.7%) of them believed community cadres, 488 (96.1%) of them believed medical workers and 483(97.0%) of them believed HIV prevention and control workers.(3) The influence factors of social network were job(OR=2.948 and OR=2.150), region(OR=2.193); the influence factors of social support was age(OR=0.602); there was no influence factor of trust to professionals and the influence factors of trust to ordinary people were gender(OR=0.503), drink(OR=0.430), ways of drug use(OR=0.527); the influence factors of social participation were gender(OR=0.501), smoke(OR=5.685).(4) The reliability and validity of social capital questionnaire: the overall Cronbach'sαwas 0.752, as for the construct validity, 5 principal components were extracted which can explain 764.320% of the total variance. (5) Effects of AIDS control and prevention: 412 (81.8%) of all the respondents willing to realize AIDS knowledge; 159 (31.3%) of them use condom in last sexual activity; (6) Relationship of social capital and effects of AIDS control and prevention: factors of social network, social support, trust to professionals and general population have a strong relationship with every aspect of HIV/AIDS prevention and control.Conclusion: (1) The social capital questionmare used in this study had a good reliability and validity;(2) MMT patients have a small social network, which is confidential; and their social support is of a small scale, which economic support is larger than emotional support; they trust professionals very much while their trust level to ordinary people is low, their participate level is very low;(3) The influence factors of social capital were age, gender, job, smoke, drink, ways of drug use and region;(4) Social capital is positively associated with effects of AIDS control and prevention among MMT patients, but on the other hand, the better the social network is, the more robberies and steal they are. The effect of participation level was not so obvious.Recommendations: (1) Our government should strengthen legislation and advocation, and protect the rights of MMT patients; (2) Pay attention to family support and self support of MMT patients; (3) Set up informal organizations and make them to play their role in HIV/AIDS prevention and control for MMT patients.
|
PDF Full Text Request