Studies On The Chemical Constituents And Bioactivities From Bark Of Ailanthus Altissima Swingle

Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle is a plant of the genus Ailanthus in the family Simaroubaceae.It is a native tree of china and now distributes almost all over the world.Its cortex and fruits are used as folk medicine in china for the treatment of stomachache, dysentery, hematochezia, etc. A great deal of scientific research indicate that Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle has the strong antibacterial activity and anti-tuberculosis function in vitro.Very few chemical studies on barks of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle were carried out. In our investigation, the 95% ethanol extraction and the water extraction of Bark of Ailanthus altissima Swingle exhibited significant anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity. Based on the bioactivities , isolations of chemical constituents from the stem bark of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle were carried out.As a result , from the 95% ethanol extract of bark of Ailanthus altissima Swingle, by using of TLC and silica gel column chromatography, compounds were isolated and purified. On the basis of their chemical and physical properties as well as the spectra data of IR, ESI-MS, EI-MS, 1D-NMR, 2D-NMR, etc, compared with data reported in literatures, the structures of the constituents were determined. Twenty compounds were isolated from the root bark of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle. Their structures were elucidateded as followes:β-sitosterol (I), 20-R-hydroxy- dammara-24-en-3-one (II), Ocotillone (III), Hexadecanedioic acid (IV), tetracosy caffeate(V),PiscidionlA(VI),12β, 20(s)-dihydroxy-dammar-24-en-3-one(VII),20,24,25trihydroxydammarane-3-one(VIII) , Scopoletin (IX), kaempferol (X), shinjudilactone (XI), Hispidol B(XII),daucosterol (XIII), Azelaic acid (XIV), 1-hydroxycanthin-6-one (XV), ShinjulactoneB(XVI), quercetin (XVII), ailanthinone(XVIII), 2-dihydroailanthone(XIX), canthin-6-one-1-o-β-D-xylopy-ranosyl- (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside(XX).Compounds II , IV, V , VI, VII, IX, X, XII, XIV were isolated from the root bark of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle for the first time. Compound VIII was new compound. Compounds XI, XV, XVI and XVIII showed great anticancer activities with the IC50 at 1.24, 0.56, 0.87 and 0.21μM, respectively.