Therapeutic Effects And Mechanisms Of Low Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation On Guinea Pigs With Immune-mediated Motor Neuron Disease

Partâ… :Effect of low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on survival time and motor function of guinea pigs with immune-mediated motor neuron diseaseObjective: To investigate the effect of low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS) on survival time and motor function of guinea pigs with immune-mediated motor neuron disease (MND) and to study the therapeutic action of low frequency rTMS on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS).Methods: Models of experimental autoimmune gray matter disease (EAGMD) were established by using fresh bovine spinal cord anterior horn homogenate to immune guinea pigs. Guinea pigs were divided into treatment group and sham treatment group at the second to fourth weeks after immunizing at the second time as the peak of the disease. The treatment group was given by rTMS at 1Hz five days a week for two weeks. The sham treatment group was given sham treatment five days a week for two weeks. The motor function between the two groups was assessed by the inclined plate test. The survival time was also observed and compared between them.Results: The degrees of the inclined plate test were greater in part of treatment group on the second day after treatment than before. However, there was no significant difference in the degrees of the inclined plate test in total treatment group before and after treatment(P>0.05). The degrees of the inclined plate test descended in treatment group on the ninth day after treatmen(tP<0.05). The degree of the inclined plate test in treatment group was greater than that of sham treatment one(P<0.05).But the survival time is not obviously different between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions: Low frequency rTMS can delay the deterioration of motor function of guinea pigs with EAGMD although it has no significant impact on the survival time. Low frequency rTMS may play a role in the treatment for ALS. Objective:To study the effect of low-frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons in lesions of guinea pigs with immune-mediated motor neuron disease ( MND ) and to explore preliminarily mechanisms of low frequency rTMS in order to provide theory evidence for traeating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)with it.Methods:Models of experimental autoimmune gray matter disease (EAGMD) were established by using fresh bovine spinal cord anterior horn homogenate to immune guinea pigs. The treatment group was given by rTMS at 1Hz five days a week. The differences of numbers and average optical values in glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons were compared in cerebral cortex, cervical enlargement and lumbar enlargement of treatment group, sham treatment group and control group by the method of immunohistochemisty with light microscopy after two weeks'treatment. Results:The numbers and average optical values of glutamatergic neurons in cerebral cortex, cervical enlargement and lumbar enlargement of the treatment group were smaller than those of sham treatment group, whereas larger than control group. The opposite was GABAergic neurons.Conclusions : Exitotoxicity of amine acid is involved in the process of immune-mediated motor neuron injury. Low frequency rTMS may depress the action of glutamatergic neurons and increase the one of GABAergic neurons. Low-frequency rTMS may play a role in the treatment for ALS by regulation of excitatory and inhibitory neurons. Partâ…¢:Protective effects on the mitochondria of guinea pigs with immune-mediated motor neuron diseaseObjective: To explore the effects and mechanisms of low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on mitochondria in lesions of guinea pig with immune-mediated motor neuron disease (MND) and to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) with low frequency rTMS.Methods: Models of experimental autoimmune gray matter disease (EAGMD) were established by using fresh bovine spinal cord anterior horn homogenate to immune guinea pigs. The treatment group was given by rTMS at 1Hz five days a week for two weeks. The mitochondrial morphological differences by transmission electron microscopy(TEM) were observed and compared in cerebral cortex, cervical enlargement and lumbar enlargement of the treatment group, sham treatment group and control group. The mitochondria in cerebral cortex, cervical enlargement and lumbar enlargement of three groups were extracted by the method of differential centrifugation and made into homogenate. The activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) was analyzed and compared.Results: Changes in morphology by observation of TEM indicated that the mitochondria swelled and cristae became vague, disappeared or changed into vacuoles. The changes in the sham treatment group were more common than in the treatment group. Activity of SDH in treatment group after treatment is significantly different from those of sham treatment group and control group (P<0.05).Conclusions: Mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in the process of immune-mediated motor neuron injury. Increased SDH activity and morphological changes are both showed in mitochondria. Low frequency rTMS may play a role in treatment of ALS by protection of mitochondria as another mechanism of it.