Study On Retinal Development Of Gushi Chick Embryou And The Expression Of NOTCH1 In The Retina

Retina is the extracerebral part of the central nervous system. Knowledge of retinal regeneration in the embryonic chick has been available , chick embryo is a good model to study the retinal regeneration. The vertebrates have the same basic organizational structure: two synaptic layers (outer plexiform layer and inner plexiform layer) inserted in between the three nuclear layers (outer nuclear layer, inner nuclear layer and ganglion cell layer). The process of morphological development of the retina, including neural progenitor cells differentiate into neurons and glial cells processes, and neurons and glial cells constructed in accordance with a certain spatial structure of the retina process. Notch - Delta signaling pathway, which is a conservative regulative way of embryonic development, The main function is to participate in the differentiation of embryonic development. Notch1 expressed in the neural retinal cells during the development and differentiation of the retina.In this study, the development of GuShi chick retina was studied by using H-E. staining, immunohistochemical method and techniques of Semi-quantitative detection of molecular. The results show that: Gushi chicken retina, which is a typical vertebrate retina, can be divided into the neural retina (NR) and retinal pigment epithelium(RPE). Neural retina is divided into seven layers: Nerve fiber layer(NFL), Ganglion cell layer (GCL), Inner plexiform layer (IPL), Inner nuclear layer(INL), Outer plexiform layer (OPL), Outer nuclear layer (ONL) and Photoreceptor layer (PRL, or layer of rods and cones). The characteristics of neural retina during development in the embryo is: Thickness of the retina from E4 (Embryo 4 days) to E20 showed wavy trend, E4 to E8 gradually thickened, E8 to the thickest, from the E8 began thinning, the The largest difference of thickness happened between E10 and E11, E14 is the thinnest, E19 to a second peak , E11 to E20 the thickness of neural retinal have little difference. GCL, IPL, INL, OPL, ONL are formed in E8, the general trend of the thickness of three nuclear layer beginning decreasing from E8, the largest difference of thickness happened between E10 and E11, Thickness of the overall trend of retina are comparatively steady from E12 to the day out of shell. The density of three nuclear layers have the same trend. INL has the maximum density, GCL has the ?minimum density. Immunohistochemistry showed: Neuron specific enolase (NSE) fist appeared in E12 at GCL. IPL and OPL have sublayers. Vimentin appeared at E3 and are present throughout the embryo stage. A positive band appeared in OPL from E10 need to be further study. Semi - quantitative study shows that expression of Notch1 are relatively lower in the retina at E3 and E18, we inferred that E18 may be an ideal time to study the regeneration of Gushi chicken retina. The study also found that: two days before hatching, expression of Notch1 are relatively lower in the brain and are relatively close to E3, indicating brain has more cells in the state of the progenitor cells or stem cells ,and be more proliferative, Notch1 may be have the capacity in the maintenance of the brain neurogenesis and regeneration.