| Objective:Observed the changes of the arterial blood gas analysis and the anti-inflammatory factors (IL-4, IL-10, IL-13) in the New Zealand rabbits which get acute lung injury by chest impact injury, and analyzed the pathological changes of their lung tissues. To discuss the pathophysiologic features of the rabbits, and provide a possible theoretical basis in pathogenesy of the acute lung injury caused by chest impact injury. In that way, we can enable the clinic to take effective control measures to it. Methods:(1)Set up the ball free-fall model. Let the ball make an blunt chest trauma which caused the acute lung injury. (2)Observed the respiratory frequency of the rabbits after injuried. (3)Tested the arterial blood of the rabbits for the Blood Gas Analysis at every fixed time points (pre-injury,1,3,7 and 12 hours after injury). Assayed the changes of the anti-inflammatory medias (IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13). (4)Killed the rabbits at 12 hours after injury, took its lung tissues for histopathological examination. Results:(1) Respiratory rate changes:ALI group was faster than the control group during 1～12h after injury(P<0.05). The respiratory rate in ALI group increased to peak for 88.92±7.23 times/min at 1h after injury; At 3～12h after injury, it decreased; At 12h after injury, it reduced to 55.58±5.12 times/min in ALI group which was still higher than the control group(35.00±3.91 times/min) at the same time. (2)Blood Gas Analysis changes:①PaO2:the two groups were different during 1～12h after injury (P<0.05):the PaO2 in ALI group was lower than the control group and decreased progressively during 1～12h after injury. When it was at 12h after injury, it fell to 63.23±8.03 mmHg.②PaCO2:there was no significant difference with two groups at 1h after injury (P>0.05).But during 3～12h after injury, the PaCO2 in ALI group was higher than the control group(P<0.05).During 1～7h after injury, the PaCO2 in ALI group increased progressively which reached its peak for 51.60±4.34 mmHg at 7h after injury and slightly decreased to 50.48±3.34 mmHg at 12h after injury. Those were higher than the control group at the same time which was only 38.77±2.13 mmHg.③SaO2:there was no significant difference with two groups at 1～3h after injury (P>0.05).But during 7～12h after injury, the SaO2 in ALI group was lower than the control group(P<0.05). During 1～12h after injury, the SaO2 in ALI group decreased progressively which reduced to 90.89%±2.59% at 12h after injury.④pH value:there was no significant difference at 1h after injury comparing two groups(P> 0.05). But during 3～12h after injury, the pH value in ALI group was lower than the control group (P<0.05). The ALI group decreased progressively during 1～12h after injury and it reduced to 7.282±0.021 at 12h after injury. (3)Anti-inflammatory factors' levels:①IL-4:the two groups were different during 1～12h after injury (P<0.05):the IL-4 in ALI group was lower than the control group at 1h after injury while higher than the control group at 3～12h.During the 1-7h after injury, the IL-4 of ALI group was progressively increased which reached its peak for 351.20±12.80 pg/ml at 7h after injury. Then it decreased, and it was down to 203.41±9.41 pg/ml at 12h after injury. But it still higher than the control group(81.89±12.39 pg/ml) at the same time.②IL-10:there was no significant difference with two groups at 1h after injury (P>0.05).The IL-10 in ALI group was higher than the control group during 3～12h after injury(P<0.05).During 1～7h after injury, the IL-10 in ALI group was progressively increased and reached its peak for 128.17±19.27 pg/ml at 7h after injury. Then it decreased slightly to 124.21±19.81 pg/ml at 12h after injury which was higher than the control group 57.33±8.55 pg/ml at the same time.③IL-13:there was no significant difference with two groups at 1h after injury (P>0.05).The IL-13 in ALI group was higher than the control group during 3～12h after injury(P<0.05). During 1-7h after injury, the IL-13 in ALI group was progressively increased and reached its peak for 188.20±15.71 pg/ml at 7h after injury. At 12h after injury, it decreased to 157.73±21.12 pg/ml which was still higher than the control group(72.37±13.67 pg/ml) at the same time. (4) Pathological changes:the ALI group showed typical type of acute lung injury.Conclusions:(1)Early in the blunt chest trauma, we should not to judge the degree of ALI according to the results of the arterial blood gas analysis but it can be the index which reflect the severity of lung injury in the latter period of time. (2)Early in the blunt chest trauma, it shows that the reason for the acute lung injury is related to the lack of anti-inflammatory factors (IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13) in serum which suggests that of acute lung injury caused by chest impact injury, suggesting that IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13 may play an important role in the development of acute lung injury.
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