Study Of Stem Cells Modified By Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor Promoting Neuron Differentiation And Enhancing Neuromotor Function After Head Injury

Background:With the social development and economic progress, the ways of human life(such as the upgrading of the changing modes of transport), as well as the living environment have been changed greatly,and at the same time, the number of patients with traumatic brain injury increased,traumatic brain injury and brain injury sequel caused an immeasurable loss to our physical, psychological and economic. Many scholars at home and abroad studies have shown that stem cells coming from a variety of organizations have the differentiation potential to neuron, but the study found that almost all of the stem cells tend to glial cells rather than neuron in the direction of differentiation. As we all know, glial cell proliferation is the basis of nerve tissue reparation in the late traumatic brain period. Nerve tissue to repair the foundation, but at the same time, it restricts the motor nerve recuperation which based on neuron. In recent years, research has been reported that BDNF(Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor)can increase the ratio of differentiation from stem cells into neurons. This Study makes use of the BDNF characteristic, and explores their ability to restore post-traumatic motor function further by the BDNF gene-modified stem cells.Objective:To promote stem cells differentiation into neuron and enhance neuromotor function after head injury through gene modified of brain derived neurotrophic factor.Methods:Recombinant adenovirus-mediated brain derived neurotrophic factor gene transferred into human-derived umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs). Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to test the expression level of BDNF. Established head injury model in athymic mouse, and transplanted stem cells into the edge of injury situ. Nerve function scores were obtained, and the BDNF, NSE, GFAP expression level and the apoptosis cell number were compared respectively.Result:The BDNF expression achieved its stabilization in high level at 72 h after gene transfer. The mouse obtained a better score of nerve function, and the proportion of the NSE-positive cells was increased significantly, but GFAP-positive cells decreased in BDNF-UCMSCs group than the other two groups. In the site of BDNF high expression, the apoptosis cell number was much minor. Conclusion:The stem cells modified by BDNF gene may promote the differentiation into neuron, not glia, and enhance neuromotor function after head injury.