The Distribution Of Rodents Population In The Danjiang Reservoir Area & The Investigation Of Its Carrying Vectors

ObjectiveThe South-to-North Water Diversion Project has entered the substantive stage when the immigration is to remove, the dam is to be heightened, and the water storage and water level are to be improved. To prevent and control the rodent vectors of the occurrence and spread of biological infectious diseases in this area, ensure the security of the water source from Danjiang Reservoir, mastering the rodents population in different environments, promoting the vector investigation and research.MethodsThrough on-site monitoring, using cage method and mousetrap method overnight to capture rodents, the identification of rodents population and the outer & internal parasites investigation and research were carried out. Identification of rat specials:According to the classification of rat directory and size, weight, body length, tail length, hair characteristics, color, shape features, as well as the shape characteristics of claws, backs and chests of classification to identify the groups. To collect the body surface parasite, over a clean plate the mouse was lifted up-side down, the mouse hair was combed downwards to collect the parasite, lice, fleas, mites, were counted; To survey and test the internal parasites, after cutting open the belly of the mice, first observe with naked eyes whether the surface of liver has pathological changes, if there are light yellow, scattered or clustered distributed nodules, clip the pathological changes of the liver and some muscles (tongue muscles, diaphragm, or hind legs), and respectively place them on the sheeting glass slide to exam liver capillarity roundworm infection under a microscope.ResultsThis investigation altogether cloth cage (trap) 5000, the effective cage (trap) 4720, the effectiveness 94.4%, a total of 355 rats captured all, discovering the rodents population has one order, two families, five genus and seven species, respectively White-bellied Rat, Apodemus speciosus, big hamster, Clethrionomys rufocanus, Rattus norvegicus, Rattus rat, Mus musculus,mouse density 7.52%. In the Rodents time distribution, the rat density continues to rise in January to July, and to maintain a high level in August and September after September it continues to decline and in December it drops to the lowest; the captured rodents in accordance with rat age were divided into adult rats, accounting for 86.48%, and young rats accounting for 13.52%; according to sex, male mice accounting for 54.37%, female mice accounting for 45.63%. The rate with cage method to catch the parasite is higher than that with trap method,χ2=4.28. There are 144 mice found carrying parasites on their body surfaces, the infection rate of rodent parasite up to 40.56%, the infection rate of rodent parasite with cage method to catch the living mouse is higher than that with trap method to capture the dead mice,χ2=82.86. There are 32 mice infected with parasites found in the body, and the parasites are all Capillaria hepatica, and Capillaria hepatica infection rate is 9.01%, and the infection rate of Capillaria hepatica of plain Rodents is higher than that of the mountain mice.ConclusionsThe density of rodents in the reservoir area and the parasite carrier rate are high, therefore we should strengthen to kill rodents and strengthen the prevention and control of vectors and the related infectious diseases to protect the diversion water safety and prevent the related outbreak of infectious diseases. Meanwhile, it can also provide a solution to the prevention of underlying diseases after completion of the project. This paper also applied cage method and rat trap method to capture rodents, resulting in different capture ratios. The differences of the two capture ratios need further confirmation by increasing the number of laying cages and traps; The infection rate of rodent parasite with cage method to catch the living mouse is different from that with trap method to capture the dead mice, so if people want to carry out the research of the parasites in mice body surface, they should the cage method to ensure it can reflect the real situation. Carrying on the research between the rodent density and the crowd infection carrier biological disease can establish the corresponding mathematical model.