On Chen Duxiu's Thoughts Transformation In The Early 20th Century

During the twenties and thirties of the 20th century. Chen Duxiu achieved a transformation in Chinese ideology development in the fields of politic culture and education, which forms a ideological evolution path a great personage who stepped out of Anhui province and got to shade an influence over the whole country.Mr. Zhong Fu, as a great scholar of generation, held high the flag of Science and Democracy. Mr. Chen in south and Mr. Li in north, with construction achievements, have been dejected in old age with heartful sigh. Chairman Mao gave a distinct view on the seven time of the Communist Party of China (CPC). Chen Duxiu was praised as "the chief commander of the May 4th movement", and he "created the party", which could be used as epitaph. In the history of the CPC, Chen used to be a personage of dispute. On one hand, he was the standard-bearer of "The New Culture Movement", and the chief commander of the May 4th movement. He also took the charge of establishing the CPC and was the centre general secretary for five times in a row. On the other hand, he was reduced to the leader of " Right capitulationism " for his committing the so called mistake of "School of Trotsky and Chen's Cancelling Revolution" and was even expelled from the Party, during which he was once slandered as "betrayer" and "traitorChen is also a personage of dispute in the academic field. The study of his biography and thinking has been distracted in quite a long time. It was not until the central committee convened the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee and the big discussion of "Practice is the sole criterion for testing truth ",the academics has began to rectificate his reputation and generally opened up the study ideas in his biography, cultural, political, economical and educational fields, which ended up with furious achievement. From the new Century on, the study of Chen has been developed in both range and depth, and a variety kinds of academic activities unfolded actively.There are many profound historical and social factors for the conversion of Chen Duxiu's ideology at the beginning of 20th century, when the old China has just opened up to the world for a short time, along with domestic troubles and foreign invasions. The whole society was in turmoil, change and transformation with various forces contend against to each others and diversified thoughts ever changing. A passel of historical characters, such as Chen Duxiu, showed up on the stage of history to save the nation, govern the country and establish peace throughout the world through various methods.At the beginning of 20th century, Chen Duxiu had experienced complex transformations on three main aspects, which are his culture thought, demotic thought and factionalism. Chen Duxiu did numerous great activities on the facts of Chinese polity, culture and education, however he always step forward in a contradictory situation. He advocated democracy and science, and was against the autarchy, superstition and the traditions while claiming "take the essence and discard the dregs" to adopt the changes and development of economy and society; He believed Chinese revolution relied on farmers. However, he thought farmers were undisciplined, poor educated, lack of life goals, inflexible and decentralized. So the farmer revolution should be carried through after the revolution of the country. As a key person of establishment of CPC, he prepared the party organization and cadres guarantee conditions for the eventual establishment, and guided the establishment of party platform and meeting resolutions. He was appointed Communist Party General Secretary for five times, later became a member of Trotsky Party and eventually divorced from the CPC.There are many obvious time features about the transformation of Chen at the beginning of 20th century. The time features of 20th century had a great impact on transformation of Chen's ideology, which had the characters of realism, science and practicing, gradation and limitation. He put forward some innovate understanding and opinions about the affirmation of literary revolution, understanding of Chinese and foreign education and analyses of the situation of china social classes. The main causes of this transformation are time environment, personal character, the understanding about Chinese revolution and conflicts with international Communist. The transformation had been making great impact on Chinese society, policy, culture and education. His distinguished qualities of magnanimousness, sincerity, bluffness and justice will be remembered by future generations.