Research On Jiaomiao Songs In Song Dynasty

Jiaomiao songs are a very important component of Song Dynasty's Yuefu literature, are also an important genre of musical literature. In this paper the author makes a comprehensive and systemic study on them from three aspects-documentarily, musically and literally; also tries hard to present the production, the development, the change, and the musicality, the literature characteristic of Jiaomiao songs clearly as far as possible. The full text consists of four chapters.In Chapter One, taking the extant documentaries as the basis, the author has made the comprehensive reorganization to Jiaomiao songs in Song Dynasty. At first, the author has carried on the preliminary statistics to the extant Jiaomiao songs, and then divided them into four periods-Taizu, Taizong and Zhenzong eras; Renzong and Yingzong eras; Shenzong, Zhezong and Huizong eras; and Southern Song Dynasty. Thus, the author manages to date all these songs and has determined the age when they were written, the authors and the related historical original story.In Chapter Two the author has combed the development and variation of the Jiaomiao musical compositions in Song Dynasty, and researched the forms of Jiaomiao songs, the style of Jiaomiao music, the traditional modes rationale. The musical compositions of Jiaomiao songs in Song Dynasty were created and restructured constantly on the basis of the ceremonial retro, the creation and restructuring of elegant music. There are 148 different musical compositions that belong to 3 different systems. Taking its sacrificial offering ceremony as a core and according to the process of the ceremony activities, all the Jiaomiao songs were divided into groups as the units that consist of different quantity of the songs, each Jiaomiao song was used for the correspondent course of every ceremony event. Its music is precise and methodical, and is also grave, solemn and respectful; smooth and gentle. The music traditional modes also have changed from the Northern Song Dynasty to the Southern Song Dynasty, but achieved the condition which finally adapts with the music theory of "Zhou rite".In Chapter Three the author has analyzed the ideological content, style characteristics and artistic style of Jiaomiao songs in Song Dynasty. For the political rule and power consolidated, the wishing of national destiny prosperous and imperial undertaking permanent is not only the primary coverage of Jiaomiao songs, but also the sacrificial offering's final directions-including cherishing the memory of the ancestors, expression filial piety; the hope of good crop weather, bumper grain harvest; the hope that the country is peaceful and the common people are abundant. They have manifested both the political utility goals and the human spirit which the modern society advocated. Jiaomiao songs in Song Dynasty have inherited completely the poem body of "Poetry" that has four words in one sentence, and are also calm elegant, singing three sighs. In the literary art aspect, Jiaomiao songs give a straightforward account of its matter, utilize imagination and symbol of romanticism; the language is both grave and elegant, singularly varied unique with many magnificent glosses over.In Chapter Four the author elaborated the value and significance of the research on Jiaomiao songs in Song Dynasty. Jiaomiao songs have reflected Song Dynasty's historical evidence and the cultural characteristic from the certain extent. They have vital significance and influence in both literariness and musicality aspects.