Study On The "Wu-jiu" National Humiliation Commemoration Of Nan-jing National Government (1927-1937)

"Wu-jiu" National Humiliation Day came from the "twenty-one" treaty between Yuan Shikai and Japanese Government in 1915. Japan had wanted to occupy China's territory. When East European countries were busying fighting in World War one, Japan throwned the "twenty-one" treaty and forced Yuan Shikai to accept it on May 7,1915. If Yuan Shikai didn't agreed the "twenty-one" treaty, Japan would use force. Then Yuan Shikai was forced to agree Japanese conditions in May 9. As a result, May 9 becomed another humiliated day. Non-governmental organizations of Imperial Chamber of Commerce and Educational Association proposed to determine the humiliated May 9 as a National Humiliation Day, and called people commemorate the national humiliation and active efforts to wipe out national humiliation.Japanese aggression intensified and China's rising anti-Japanese sentiment pushed KMT Government to promote national humiliation commemoration and against Japanese imperialist aggression. After the founding of Nan-jing National Government, KMT Government followed the will of Sun Zhongshan, combined with the changes in international and domestic situation, then identified May 9 as "National Day". Nan-jing National Government gradually established the system of commemoration of the National Humiliation Day, calling the people active to memorial and discuss the strategies of saving nation. KMT Government actively organized people to commemorate the anniversary of national humiliation, and togethered with important historical events, reflected the different variations of the theme in this period.The "Wu-jiu" national humiliation commemoration of the KMT Government reflected National Government's Nationalist ideas, that overthrown domestic warlords, achieved national unity, againsted Japanese imperialist aggression and downed with imperialism. In commemoration of National Humiliation Day, KMT Government intended to strengthen the people's national identity, calling the people support the Chinese Kuomintang and Nan-jing National Government. They said only under the leadership of the KMT, could overthrow the warlords and imperialism, abolished unequal treaties, then achieved the freedom and equality. In addition, the KMT Government had advertised the Three People's Principles of Sun Zhongshan, advocated the founding of the People's Principles. "Wu-jiu" National Humiliation commemoration were led by the Kuomintang government and community popularly participated, besides becomed a way of expressing the political will. Research Nan-jing National Government's commemoration of "Wu-jiu" National Humiliation Day helps to review the history, reflect the lessons of history, and stimulate people's patriotic feelings, then shoulder the new historical responsibility.