Analysis Of The Plato's And Marx's Idea Of The State

Republic and Manifesto of the Communist Part are two extremely outstanding documents about state theory beyond the memory of men. Two documents have something in common, but more diversities. And it is very the diversities that highlight the respective theoretical system and characteristics of Plato and Marx. Only on its comparative study, we can see about Plato's limitations of the ideal state theory and Marx's state and social theories scientific and advanced more clearly.In the long history of human thought, to the theory of the state concerned, Plato undoubtedly plays a decisive role. In Republic, he first traced the ideal state scheme, fully and entirely, largely and meticulously. His theory of the state had an immeasurable impact on the later; Marx is a giant in the history of the thought and the culture. His treatise of state and social theory has unmatched innovation and scientificalness. Based on the documents of Republic and Manifesto of the Communist Part, this article grasps the content and substance of the theories of Plato's and Marx's the ideal state on the philosophical level, and analyse and discuss the system deeply. Thereby, to show the essence and meaning of the theory about two kinds of ideal states, and the difference philosophical basis between the two kinds of ideal state.This article is divided into four parts. The first part is from the system to the class. The function of this part is to introduce the general theory of state and state components, and each part of the state should have the responsibility and obligation. Consequently, to lay the basic elements and scope for this article to write.The second part is the be-all and end-all of the ideal state. The contents include individual and soul, labor and justice. These questions are based on the philosophical level. Thereinto, individual is defined by philosophers; Soul is the proper reason which the person of the ideal countries should have; labor is one of the most important concepts of the Marxist philosophy. Labor created man and created the material base that human life demanded. Labor is one of the attributes of human nature even. Justice in Plato is one of the fundamental principles that constitute the ideal state. In this way, individual and soul , labor and justice would structure the be-all and end-all of the ideal state.The third part is the being of the state. This part is the emphasis and difficulty of this article. The basic elements plot out three subsections.The first subsection is the base of the ideal state, including education and human's evolution, division of labor and social development; the second subsection is the design of the ideal state, including the setting of the ownership and the setting of person for the ideal state; The third subsection is the characteristics of the ideal state, including the person of the ideal state and their nature, the ultimate principles that ideal state based on. These are based on historical materialism, to analyse and criticize the historical idealism of Plato, that is the ultimate principle of good. After the analysis, come to the conclusion of the scientific communism of Marx in the end.The fourth part is the conclusion: the national destiny and mission. The function of this part is to sum up the difference and its root causes of the ideal state and society between Plato and Marx, and to summarize the whole article.