Military And Political Cooperation Between Zhuming Regime And Jesuits In The Period Of Regime Change

In late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty, there is a series of military and political cooperation between the Zhuming regime and Jesuits. In order to resist the invasion of the Manchus, with the help of Jesuits the Ming Dynasty postponed the regime change through introducing advanced weapons and strategies from western countries. Meanwhile, because of their assistance to the Ming Dynasty the Jesuits had the rights of freedom to preach in China and obtained benefits for Portuguese Authorities in Macau. However, differences and contradictions came out from the military and political cooperation between the Ming Dynasty and Jesuits after 1644. In order to set up the network of preaching, without resistance the Jesuits changed to do more activities in multi-regimes. Finally, the Jesuits submitted to the Qing Dynasty. Through listing events and items related to military and political cooperation between the Ming Dynasty and Jesuits during the period from 1513 to 1662, this paper analyzes the changes of the attitudes toward military and political cooperation, and demonstrates that advanced weapons and strategies from western countries have impact on the war between the Ming and Qing Dynasty. It reveals that the essence of the cooperation between the Ming Dynasty and Jesuits is just a business deal for self interests.In chapter 1, by listing events and items, this paper shows that the Ming Dynasty actively introduces advanced weapons and strategies from western countries with the help of the Jesuits. It recognizes the contributions to the Ming Dynasty by the Jesuits, such as Johann Adam Schall von Bell. It also shows the reasons why the advanced weapons and strategies can not save the Ming Dynasty.In chapter 2, by introducing the military and political cooperation between the Nanming regime and Jesuits in early Qing Dynasty, through analyzing the political stand of the Jesuits, this paper focuses on the diplomatic relations between the Jesuits and federal regimes. In order to get military assistance from the Jesuits and western countries, the Ming Dynasty Tried to give political and economic benefits to them including sending envois to Rome. However, with the development of the Qing Dynasty, the Jesuits made break with the Nanming regime by preventing setting diplomatic relations with western countries and changed to support the Qing Dynasty.