| JingHua Daily was an early Vernacular Press established by Peng Yizhong in August 1904. Although it was banned by the Qing government only two years after it was started, it became an important reference for studying the modernizing of the local community in Beijing. The paper takes the Jinghua Daily published during the year 1904 to 1906 as research object. And it describes the process in which Peng positively integrated into the trend of Vernacular Press's rising, and devoted himself to the enlightenment of the underclass in the region of Beijing. For the aim of'enlightening the people's wisdom', he organized a reader group concerned with the underclass and developed equal interaction with the readers. In this process, Peng built a special Public Space between state and society, and in a sense, a new power in the field of culture. Those helped reach out a much wider space for continuous extension of the enlightenment and the sustainable development of the newspaper. However, for the need of building a'modern nation-state'to respond to the time crisis, and being impacted by the ideas and discourses of Liang Qichao, Yan fu, etc, and also as a result of the New Deal at the end of Qing Dynasty and the promotion by the grass roots, Peng's purpose of the enlightenment soon turn from'citizens shaped'into'national shaped'which lately made a great dual impact on JingHua Daily's enlightenment practice; In addition, for JingHua Daily stood between state and society so as to retain a neutral two-way supervision and balance, it bred potential crisis while expending the Public Space it built. In the end, the newspaper's life came to an end under the state repression which coursed unbalance between state and society.The paper is divided into five parts:Chapter One mainly describes the start and the rise of JingHua Daily at Beijing in the late Qing Dynasty, and explains how JingHua Daily positively organized the reader group and developed equal interaction with the readers with a clear aim and stand of the underclass enlightenment. And about how much validity the enlightenment stand had, how it spread out in both normal and abnormal society, and how it contributed to the sustainable development of the newspaper. Chapter Two tells JingHua Daily's way of enlightenment and practices as well as its achievements. And also narrates the efforts and practices it had done to build Public Space. Then it opens up a discussion about the idea of'citizens shaped'and its development, and many other aspects such as its participation in building the new culture field and capitalistic competition.Chapter Three chooses two short-lived contemporary newspapers---China Vernacular Press and Xin Min Cong Bao as well as two long-lived ones---Da Gong Bao(1902-1911) and East Magazine(1904-1914).And try to determine Jinghua Daily's status and historical significance through category comparisons with them.Chapter Four completely analyses the turn JingHua Daily made from'citizen shaped'into'national shaped'since December 1904,thus elicits reflections and criticisms on the enlightenment history, the path, the idea and the stand from modern China to present time.Chapter Five probes into the continuous breeding potential crisis JingHua Daily would face while achieving great success in building Public Space. The crisis eventually led to state intervention and destruction, and coursed unbalance between state and society. Consequently, the newspaper came to an end. Then try to interpret the metaphor of its implied politic, culture and ideas. Meanwhile, presents my own point of view on how the newspaper was ended and whether it may not be ended.Finally comes to the conclusion. It re-emphasizes the connotation and significance of the history of thought and the social history of JingHua Daily during the period of social transformation in Late Qing Dynasty. And it reiterated that JingHua Daily played a significant role in promoting the process of modernizing the society in Beijing area.
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