Value Of Criticism--The Anti-metaphysics Trend In Hume's Philosophy

Metaphysics is the main tradition of western philosophy.but for a long time ,the comprehension about it has great bifurcation always.As to the anti-metaphysics factors within Hume's philosophy.though having writings to mention .they don't deep into.and are confined only to the epistemological realm.This make the intrinsic value of his philosophy can't display fully.For understanding further Hume's philosophy and metaphysics,it is significant for us to choose this problem to carry out our research.Trying to utilize the basic principle of Marxist ideology.to analysis from the field of culture and value,this paper thinks of philosophy itself as outcome of various cultural phenomenon's comprehensize reaction,regards it as a paradigm containing specific concept of knowledge and specific concept of value.Thus,Hume's criticism for metaphysics also concerns the both sides,namely,to criticize metaphysics epistemology and metaphsics axiology.This paper divides into three parts totally.The first part is mainly with Plato's idea theory for typical model to reveal the basic meaning and theoretical feature of traditional metaphysics.Firstly, metaphysics and western language have close connection.Transformed from linking verb "to be",Gerund "Being" has acquired material meaning and been regarded as transcendent essence.the highest dominant priciple of cognition and value.The abstract thought for this is "Ontology".Concrete "beings" are produced logically by the "Being",thus traditional metaphysics in methodology is a logic deduction system from established prerequisite . In the philosophy of later generations,"Being"was combined with religion and seen as God, the discussion about it is "rational theology".Secondly, there were two basic faithes in metaphysics:one is the existence of objective world logic essential and material entity,two is the existence of the mind'trancendent reasonableness. This two close respectively to so-called "rational cosmology" and "rational psychology".Thirdly.metaphysics axiology mainly includes metaphysics ethics and metaphysics aesthetics .As a expression of "shoud Run"(0ught to be)value trend.the highest essence "Being" is a purpose.Value principle for talent set is its basic charateristic.Being used as the corpus, second part discusses emphatically Hume's criticism for metaphysics.The reason of criticism lie in.on one hand,metaphysics'defection itself,on the other handjn the unceasing development of modern enlightment spirit. Inheriting the long empiricism on philosophy history and trying "the exprimental inference method"in the human science.Hume carried out thorough criticism for metaphysics. He has shattered metaphysics epistemology by the criticism of material entity.spiritual entity and God entity.On axiology ethics,Hume denied the tendency of metaphysics' excessive reasonableness.worshipped the emotion;opposed metaphysics'substitute of the goodness with the truth.affirmed the surmount of "Ought to be" to "being";resisted to purpose theory of metaphysics,unified necessity and freedom on empirical foundation. On axiology aesthetics, Hume raised imagination high.criticized the viewpiont of discovering the objective form of beauty with reason,turned the development of aesthetics from objectivism to aesthetic appreciation ;showd clearly usefulness and actuality of beauty.destoried the opinion that the transcendent purpose is the genuine perfection,expressed a kind of confidence to social life and conclusive evidence to person self stregth,pushed enlightment spirit to thorough.The third paitthe meaning,limitation and inflence of Hume'criticism. Tts meaning lie in having shattered the traditional philosophy entity theory all-sidedly,trying hard to rebuild epistemology and axiology on new foundation.giving deep enlightment to the philosophy of later generationsjndicating the change of philosophy paradigm.Tts limitation then lies in the narrowness of empiricism,as a result, he can neither answer knowledge origin reasonably to demolish metaphysics epistemology,nor explain the practical e...