An Enquiry On Hume's Problem From The Perspective Of De-recomposing Epistemology

Hume's Problem is one of the most important problems in the history of western philosophy.It is referred to as the problem of causation,the problem of rationality of induction,the problem of "is and ought," or the problem of "fact and value" by different philosophers.Based on a study of Hume's original text,this dissertation argues that the question "what is the foundation of all conclusions from experience?" is at the core of Hume's philosophy on human nature.This question is essentially about the basis of expanding experience reference.It unveils the limitation of human beings' experience reference and brings to light the predicament of human cognition,which means as human beings,we are unable to achieve the full reasonable basis.Hume's Problem signifies a transition of human cognitive study from the object to the form and its practice.Thus,Hume's philosophy on human nature serves as a turning point in cognitive studies that links the classical and the modern studies.Philosophy is the science to enquire into human's desire of knowledge acquisition and related questions,and epistemology is the essence of it.With an overview of some classic schemes to resolve Hume's problem,this dissertation attempts to build a framework of de-recomposing epistemological system.De-recomposing is the way to turn the world and the state of affairs or things from what they are to what they are becoming.Based on the construction of logic system of epistemology,it is further pointed out that de-recomposing implication indicates the de-recomposing epistemology system,or DES for short,is an available tool to realize natural language thinking.It expresses the relationship of cognitive object which is de-recomposed in the structure of state of affairs and it corresponds to the form of human inference practice.DES categorizes as relative identity "identity," "resemblance,"quantity and number,""degrees in any quality","contrariety" together with "causation" between state of affairs,which indicates that as DES puts an emphasis on the study of relative identity,it has sufficient capacity to interpret and deal with such relations as Hume has listed.With de-composing epistemology as theoretical framework,absorbing such ideas as"the epigenetic rule" from contemporary evolutionary epistemological and sociobiological studies,this thesis elucidates that expanding experience reference is kind of adaptable thinking modus subject to constant remolding and evolving in the structure of affairs.The "precisely-properly" epigenetic property of cognition may resurvey the conclusion drawing from our experiences in the new condition,and feed the result back to original thinking,then adjust itself to generate new synergistic"precisely-properly" thinking modus.In light of de-recomposing epistemology,the foundation of expanding experience reference is just that the cognitive subject which exists in the structure of state of affairs and time-space,regarding the world and state of affairs or things as a "precisely-properly" de-recomposing course from absolute identity to relative identity.