| It is in the Song Dynasty that the economy in Chinese feudal society had been developing with its foil wings. With the southbound shift of the economic centrality, the southern economy got very good improvement with the valley of the Yangtze River as the center, while the economic status of Three Gorges went up gradually and the development was speed up remarkably.In the Song Dynasty, Three Gorges Area was administrated by three ranks, i.e. town, district, and county. As to such districts where some minor nationalities, Tu for instance, lived as Shi District, Qian District, Nanping District and so on, the administrative system there in Tang Dynasty was carried on in Song Dynasty. According to the search and summation of administrative areas in Three Gorges in the Northern Song Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty, it is can be found that there is relative stability of the administration in this region with some certain changes. As to the division by the geographical location and economy, in this area the districts were classified as inferior ones except for Xia District as medium. For the King, later in the Southern Song Dynasty, Gong District, Qian District, Zhong District and so on, were exalted as counties. Counties in this area had been once divided, merged, dismissed, changed, and restored. What's more, there were some changes about the geographical location of the county and district administration. For the complication of the geographical environment in Three Gorges, the setting and administration of some districts and counties by the central regime took much trouble and was completed gradually. Compared with that in Tang Dynasty, the administrative division of Three Gorges in the Song Dynasty was more specific, and the setting of districts and counties was more regular, which reveals the value and strengthening of the organization and management of the economic development in Three Gorges in the Song Dynasty.Since human beings are the corpus of economic activities, the exploitation of human resource is the important part of the economic development. For the special location and the southbound shift of the economic centrality, the population of Three Gorges including the districts of minor nationalities as Tu, had been everincreasing in a great way in the Song Dynasty. But the absolute quantity is not large, so the population density was still low. The fast increase of the population, especially the immigrants, had poured new vigor into the development of Three Gorges in the Song Dynasty. The population moving in and out launched the exchange of the advanced productive techniques and improved the development in those districts which lagged behind.The economic development of Three Gorges in the Song Dynasty was based on agriculture. For the limitation of geography, the economy of Three Gorges in the Song Dynasty was substantially some primitive and extensive operation with planting as the main trade. As a result of the population increase and some economic measures taken by the government, there was great progress made in the local agriculture production. With the further planting in Three Gorges, the economic development began to speed up with the appearance of the terraced fields, the further development of planting with the ash of burned grass as fertilizer, the introduction of some advanced implements, the strengthening of the cultivation of rice and the construction of the farmland irrigation. The crop and plant cultivation in Three Gorges in the Song Dynasty had developed on the whole as a result of the popularity of the planting of wheat, millet, beans, and rice, the reasonable cultivation of mulberry, sesame, oranges, and litchi. However, Three Gorges area is dotted by mountains and valleys, it is not suitable for agricultural cultivation, so forestry and supplementary production is very important to local people. According to the advantages and disadvantages, collecting traditional Chinese medicine, logging and processing timber, hunting, fishing, and animal husbandry...
|
PDF Full Text Request