Superstition Studing Of The Preceding Period Of The Republic Of China (1912～1928)

Superstition was blind believing and extreme acting. It had pragmatic characteristic, deceitful characteristic, religious characteristic, and so on.Special historical environment built the stage of superstition acting. The preceding period of the Republic of China was a turbulent period in the history of China. Decayed politics, lagging education and desolate economics provided the source of superstitious overflowing. Traditional superstition was still in flood, the studying of soul from abroad set off a large cultural countercurrent.In the preceding period of the Republic of China, from the purpose, some people took advantage of superstition in order to gain money by cheating and solicit the masses, while some people believed blindly in order to get rid of catastrophe, know disaster and blessing beforehand, pay a debt of gratitude and console soul. From the object, it involved nature and society, furthermore, there were some new changes. From the form, some superstitious forms, pray for a rain emerged frequently because of natural disaster, offering sacrifices to KongZi relapsed because of human calamity, and so on. But declining and falling was tendency. The studying of soul was a new member. From the characteristic, it had strong epochal characteristic, national characteristic and regional characteristic. From the influence, it wasted manpower and material, held back educational development and caused social turmoil, moreover, it set off social transform and gave serviced to autocracy. Though superstition could console and lull people for a short while, in the long run, it brought people hypocrisy and dependence, uglified national characteristic and confied social wisdom.In the preceding period of the Republic of China, superstition was criticized strictly. Political critization, cultural critization and custom reforming formed criticaltrilogy. History proved that revolution was the violentest storm. Political critization embodied mainly "critization of weapon". It developed along with the development of revolutionary force. Cultural critization and custom reforming embodied mainly "critical weapon", which was profound part. Nevertheless, in the critization to superstition, "critization of weapon" and "critical weapon" weren't combined very well, which we should draw.