A Study On The Pattern Of Archaeological Cultures During Xia-Shang Dynasty In Jin-Shan Plateau

The area of Jin-Shan plateau referred in this paper mainly includes the northpart of Shaanxi province, the mid and north parts of Shanxi province and theregion of Hetao, Liangcheng-Daihai in mid-south of Inner Mongolia. Thearchaeological discoveries and researches indicate that in Longshan age it was arelative independent cultural area and the archaeological cultures here showedgreat correspondence. In the course of development, the cultures diverged and theunified culture pattern changed. For the archaeological remains during Xia-Shangdynasty, current researches restricted to summarize the situations in respective areaor province ,or merely study the pedigrees of single culture, The full studies of theremains during Xia-Shang dynasty and the synthetic researches of differentdistricts in Jin-Shan plateau still lacked. Besides, there were a lot of different ideasin understanding of some remains. Based on the archaeological discoveries and theformer researches, this paper studied the cultural materials during Xia-Shangdynasty in this area and made their development sequences clear, and analyzed thespace distribution of cultures in different areas and their relationships. Also, thispaper presented the initial exploration of the evolution of the cultural patternduring Xia-Shang dynasty in Jin-Shan plateau and the reasons for the changesfrom the respects of the unified cultural circles existed in Longshan age. This paper is divided into five parts totally: Part I: preface. Introduced the range of so-called Jin-Shan plateau andbriefly reviewed the current discoveries and researches of this area duringXia-Shang dynasty, meanwhile explained the cause of this paper. Part II: the division of areas. According to the cultural differences in lateLongshan age and early Xia dynasty, Jin-Shan plateau has roughly been dividedinto three parts: the first is mid-south of Inner Mongolia and the north part ofShaanxi, the second is mid part of Shanxi and the third is north part of Shanxi. Part III: the characteristics of the archaeological remains in different districts.This paper fully analyzed the archaeological remains in the three districtsmentioned above and presented different views to the varied problems existing inresearch. In the districts of mid-south of Inner Mongolia and the north part of Shaanxi,the paper mainly discussed the classification of the related remains of Zhukaigousite. First, according to potteries' combination, typology and distribution ofremains, the remains in Zhukaigou site are divided into two types, namedrespectively A and B, they represent two kinds of different archaeological cultures. 51They have different groups of artifacts and relative independent distribution areas.Second, give emphasis to the expounding of relationship of type A and B inZhukaigou site. Type A presented early in the site, and in the third phase ofZhukaigou site, type B appeared. Later, type A declined, however it coexisted withtype B for some time. Finally, in terms of the indicates of stratification relationsand the characteristic of artifacts development, type A was divided into four phasesand type B was divided into three phases. Their connotations and characteristicswere analyzed. The time of the remains was confirmed by the artifacts comparisonand the relations of coexistence, meanwhile the chronicle of other archaeologicalcultures were referred to. Sum up the existed study achievements, the remains of mid part of Shanxiwere divided into three periods and nine phases. Their contents and characteristicswere concluded. The emphasis was put on the remains' age and cultural propertyof bronze vessels of northern style that found at two banks of the Yellow River inJin-Shan plateau. Point out the remains of Dicun, Dongtaipu, Xutan are combinedhome cultural factors and foreign cultural factors, moreover, the foreign culturalfactors are more than home cultura...