On The Surrendered Sung Officers In The War Between Mongol & Sung

Soldier is the pivotal factor in a war. Surrendered officers form a special group among them. Their behavior deviates from the soldier's duty, and changes the war order. During the wars of the Mongolian invasion, because of seeking survival, chasing power, protecting common people's life security, etc., a large number of Sung military officers surrendered to the Mongolian army. Surrender on such a large scale is very rare in history, and such behavior is deeply rooted in the social and political background. On one hand, such as the crisis of Sung regime, the national policy that scholars are valued while warriors are belittled, the inveterate habit in the army, etc., act as internal factors of surrender of the military officers. And on the other hand, such as the change of the Mongolian war style, the strengthening of its force, the change of from means to ends to summon the Sung surrenders, etc., act as the external factor.In the war afterwards, spurred the carrot - and - stick policy of Mongol, these surrendered officers participate in the war, help decide military deployment, and try to persuade their relatives, friends and former colleagues to surrender. Their personal behavior unbalances the force of both sides, changes the war pattern and pushes the war forward. The military officers make explanations to their own behavior. But their betrayal disloyal behavior is criticized and disdained by people from both sides.